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3 results

  • 8 - Refugees and exiles

  • from Part III - Populations at Risk
  • Edited by Jay Winter, Yale University, Connecticut
  • Book:
    The Cambridge History of the First World War
    Published online:
    05 December 2013
    Print publication:
    09 January 2014, pp 186-215

  • Summary

    This chapter shows that a broad conceptualisation of population displacement extends an understanding of the First World War without losing sight of broader issues of social and political transformation. In the nations of Western Europe, the phenomenon of exodus affected three communities, such as French communities displaced within their own country and in Belgium, Belgians dispersed among France, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, and Italians straddling the Italian/Austro-Hungarian border. As on the Western Front, the refugee crisis in the East was the result of invasion and the flight of civilians who sought to evade conscription and other forms of compulsion likely to be imposed by enemy occupation forces. As the First World War came to an end, so the question of repatriation became urgent. The first priority was to repatriate soldiers, including prisoners of war, but attention then turned to refugees.