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Page 1 of 5

  • Chapter 33 - Fixated Threat Assessment Centres: Preventing Harm and Facilitating Care in Public Figure Threat Cases and Those Thought to Be at Risk of Lone-Actor Grievance-Fuelled Violence

  • from Part V - Criminal Justice and Social Considerations
  • Edited by Katherine Warburton, University of California, Davis, Stephen M. Stahl, University of California, San Diego
  • Book:
    Decriminalizing Mental Illness
    Published online:
    19 October 2021
    Print publication:
    07 January 2021, pp 328-337

  • Summary

    Developments in threat assessment, particularly in the area of concerning communications and approaches to public figures, has led to the setting-up in a number of countries of a new style of service for assessing and managing risk to the prominent from the actions of lone individuals. Known as fixated threat assessment centres (FTACs), their central characteristic is that they are jointly staffed by police officers and by psychiatric staff from health services. They are based on the realization that the interests of the prominent in terms of protection overlap with those of the people harassing them in terms of medical care. Research over the last decade has re-established that the majority of those threatening, harassing, or attacking public figures have unmet mental health needs, and that attention to these is often the most effective way of reducing risk, whilst at the same time improving their lot and focusing on treatment, rather than criminalization. The approach has recently been expanded to encompass assessment and intervention in individuals suspected of being radicalised into extreme ideologies and at risk of proceeding to commit terrorist acts.

  • Fixated Threat Assessment Centers: preventing harm and facilitating care in public figure threat cases and those thought to be at risk of lone-actor grievance-fueled violence

  • Justin Barry-Walsh, David V. James, Paul E. Mullen
  • Journal:
    CNS Spectrums / Volume 25 / Issue 5 / October 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    07 April 2020, pp. 630-637

  • The rediscovery of the importance of mental illness in the risk assessment and management of those who threaten, approach, and harm public figures has led to a new way of dealing with those that threaten public figures. This approach emphasises the role of “fixation” which may be defined as an intense preoccupation pursued to an abnormally intense degree. It integrates a threat assessment paradigm with the literature on stalking. The need for such an approach was highlighted in research on the prevalence of harassment of public figures. Psychiatry has a key role in this approach which sees mental health clinicians and Police work together in Fixated Threat Assessment Centres (FTACs). An FTAC functions by assessing the level of concern and sharing information to facilitate interventions that are often mental health based. The purpose is not the hopeless task of identifying those who will go on to perpetrate serious violence, rather to intervene in the group they emerge from, to prevent harm. As well as decreasing risk to the persons fixated upon, this approach improves care to the mentally disordered people who harass and threaten them and, in doing so, decreases the likelihood of their criminalization while enhancing their quality of life. As expertise in the area has grown, policing and security agencies in several countries have expanded the FTAC model to cover individuals thought at risk of lone-actor grievance-fueled violence, a term that captures both different forms of mass killing and lone actor terrorism.

  • Child Sexual Abuse: An Overview

  • Paul E. Mullen, Neville J. King, Bruce J. Tonge
  • Journal:
    Behaviour Change / Volume 17 / Issue 1 / 01 April 2000
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 February 2012, pp. 2-14

  • This overview examines the nature, prevalence, and impact of child sexual abuse. Associations and potential risk factors are identified, thus showing that child sexual abuse is not randomly distributed through the population. Finally, we discuss the ways in which clinicians and researchers have conceptualised the impact of child sexual abuse. A social and developmental model is outlined.

  • Stalking among juveniles

  • Rosemary Purcell, Bridget Moller, Teresa Flower, Paul E. Mullen
  • Journal:
    The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 194 / Issue 5 / May 2009
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2018, pp. 451-455
    Print publication:
    May 2009
    • Article
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  • Background

    There is an almost total lack of empirical research on stalking among juveniles.

    Aims

    To examine the characteristics, nature and impacts of stalking by juveniles.

    Method

    Analysis of consecutive court applications for a restraining order against a juvenile because of stalking behaviours.

    Results

    A total of 299 juvenile stalkers were identified. The majority were male (64%) and their victims predominantly female (69%). Most pursued a previously known victim (98%), favouring direct means of contact via unwanted approaches (76%) and telephone calls or text messaging (67%). Threats (75%) and physical and sexual assaults (54%) were common. The contexts for juvenile stalking involved an extension of bullying (28%), retaliation for a perceived harm (22%), a reaction to rejection (22%), sexual predation (5%) and infatuation (2%).

    Conclusions

    Juvenile stalking is characterised by direct, intense, overtly threatening and all too often violent forms of pursuit. The seriousness that is afforded to adult forms of stalking should similarly apply to this behaviour among juveniles given the even greater rates of disruption to the victim's life and risks of being attacked.

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