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2 results

  • Insights into schizophrenia using positron emission tomography: building the evidence and refining the focus
  • Nora S. Vyas, Neva H. Patel, Kuldip S. Nijran, Adil Al-Nahhas, Basant K. Puri
  • Journal: The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 197 / Issue 1 / July 2010
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 January 2018, pp. 3-4
  • Print publication: July 2010
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    Schizophrenia involves dysregulation in dopaminergic transmission. Studies show heightened presynaptic striatal dopaminergic function and elevated striatal D2/D3 receptor density in the brain. Cognitive impairments result from hypostimulation of D1 receptors and are associated with dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex. Here we discuss relevant positron emissions tomography (PET) studies and provide future directions.

  • Effect of age at onset of schizophrenia on white matter abnormalities
  • Marinos Kyriakopoulos, Rocio Perez-Iglesias, James B. Woolley, Richard A. A. Kanaan, Nora S. Vyas, Gareth J. Barker, Sophia Frangou, Philip K. McGuire
  • Journal: The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 195 / Issue 4 / October 2009
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 January 2018, pp. 346-353
  • Print publication: October 2009
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    Background

    The pattern of brain morphological changes at the early stages of schizophrenia may depend on the age at onset of illness; in children and adolescents with schizophrenia, grey matter deficits are seen in the parietal lobe whereas in individuals with adult onset these are more widespread.

    Aims

    To examine whether white matter is similarly affected.

    Method

    Diffusion tensor imaging was used to compare fractional anisotropy measures in individuals with adolescent-onset (n = 17) and adult-onset schizophrenia (n = 17) with those in age- and gender-matched controls.

    Results

    Compared with their respective controls, individuals with adolescent-onset schizophrenia showed fractional anisotropy decrease in parietal regions; individuals with adult onset showed additional fractional anisotropy reductions in frontal, temporal and cerebellar regions. A differential effect of age at onset (adolescent v. adult) was noted bilaterally in medial prefrontal white matter.

    Conclusions

    White matter abnormalities in frontal regions in schizophrenia may depend on developmental stage at the time of illness onset.