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3 results

  • Impairment of self-monitoring: part of the endophenotypic risk for psychosis

  • Dagmar Versmissen, Inez Myin-Germeys, Ilse Janssen, Nicolas Franck, Nicolas Georgieff, Joosta Campo, Ron Mengelers, Jim Van Os, Lydia Krabbendam
  • Journal:
    The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 191 / Issue S51 / December 2007
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2018, pp. s58-s62
    Print publication:
    December 2007
    • Article
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  • Background

    A disorder of self-monitoring may underlie the positive symptoms of psychosis. The cognitive mechanisms associated with these symptoms may also be detectable in individuals at risk of psychosis

    Aims

    To investigate (a) whether patients with psychosis show impaired self-monitoring, (b) to what degree this is associated with positive symptoms, and (c) whether this is associated with liability to psychotic symptoms

    Method

    The sample included: individuals with a lifetime history of non-affective psychosis (n=37), a genetically defined risk group (n=41), a psychometrically defined risk group (n=40), and control group (n=49). All participants carried out an action-recognition task

    Results

    Number of action – recognition errors was associated with psychosis risk (OR linear trend over 3 levels: 1.12, 95% CI 1.04–1.20) and differential error rate was associated with the degree of delusional ideation in a dose–response fashion (OR linear trend over 3 levels: 1.13, 95% CI 1.00–1.26)

    Conclusions

    Alterations in self-monitoring are associated with psychosis with evidence of specificity for delusional ideation. In the risk state, this is expressed more as failure to recognise self-generated actions, whereas in illness failure to recognise alien sources come to the fore

  • 18 - Action recognition in normal and schizophrenic subjects

  • from Part III - Disturbances of the self: the case of schizophrenia
  • Edited by Tilo Kircher, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, Anthony David, Institute of Psychiatry, London
  • Book:
    The Self in Neuroscience and Psychiatry
    Published online:
    18 December 2009
    Print publication:
    07 August 2003, pp 380-406

  • Summary

    Abstract

    The ability to attribute an action to its proper agent and to understand its meaning when it is produced by someone else are basic aspects of human social communication. Several psychiatric symptoms, such as those of schizophrenia, relate to a dysfunction of the awareness of one's own action as well as of recognition of actions performed by others. Such syndromes thus offer a framework for studying the determinants of the sense of agency, which ultimately allows one to attribute correctly actions to their veridical source. This chapter will report a series of experiments in normal subjects and schizophrenic patients dealing with the recognition of actions. The basic paradigm used in these experiments was to present the subject with simple actions which may or may not correspond to those they currently execute. Systematic distortions have been introduced, such that the threshold for accepting an action as one's own could be determined. In normal subjects, this threshold is relatively high, indicating the existence of a specific mode of processing for action signals, independent from visual processing used in other perceptual activities. In schizophrenic patients, this threshold is further increased, with a strong tendency to self-attribute actions which do not correspond to those they have performed. The results reveal a clear distinction between patient groups with and without hallucinations and/or delusions of influence. Influenced patients show a higher rate of self-attributions. These results point to schizophrenia and related disorders as a paradigmatic alteration of a ‘who?’ system for action monitoring and self-consciousness.

  • How does implicit and explicit knowledge fit in the consciousness of action?

  • Nicolas Georgieff, Yves Rossetti
  • Journal:
    Behavioral and Brain Sciences / Volume 22 / Issue 5 / October 1999
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 October 1999, pp. 765-766

  • Dienes & Perner's (D&P's) target articles proposes an analysis of explicit knowledge based on a progressive transformation of implicit into explicit products, applying this gradient to different aspects of knowledge that can be represented. The goal is to integrate a philosophical concept of knowledge with relevant psychophysical and neuropsychological data. D&P seem to fill an impressive portion of the gap between these two areas. We focus on two examples where a full synthesis of theoretical and empirical data seems difficult to establish and would require further refinement of the model: action representation and the closely related consciousness of action, which is in turn related to self-consciousness.