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33 results

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Death Rituals, Social Order and the Archaeology of Immortality in the Ancient World
  • Death Rituals, Social Order and the Archaeology of Immortality in the Ancient World
  • 'Death Shall Have No Dominion'
  • Edited by Colin Renfrew, Michael J. Boyd, Iain Morley
  • Published online: 05 November 2015
  • Print publication: 19 November 2015
  • View description
    Modern archaeology has amassed considerable evidence for the disposal of the dead through burials, cemeteries and other monuments. Drawing on this body of evidence, this book offers fresh insight into how early human societies conceived of death and the afterlife. The twenty-seven essays in this volume consider the rituals and responses to death in prehistoric societies across the world, from eastern Asia through Europe to the Americas, and from the very earliest times before developed religious beliefs offered scriptural answers to these questions. Compiled and written by leading prehistorians and archaeologists, this volume traces the emergence of death as a concept in early times, as well as a contributing factor to the formation of communities and social hierarchies, and sometimes the creation of divinities.
  • Brain Tissue Oxygenation in Patients with Septic Shock: a Feasibility Study
  • Michael Wood, Andy Song, David Maslove, Cathy Ferri, Daniel Howes, John Muscedere, J Gordon Boyd
  • Journal: Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 43 / Issue 1 / January 2016
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 September 2015, pp. 65-73
  • Print publication: January 2016
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    Background: Delirium is common in critically ill patients and its presence is associated with increased mortality and increased likelihood of poor cognitive function among survivors. However, the cause of delirium is unknown. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to assess brain tissue oxygenation in patients with septic shock, who are at high risk of developing delirium. Methods : This prospective observational study was conducted in a 33-bed general medical surgical intensive care unit (ICU). Patients with severe sepsis or septic shock were eligible for recruitment. The FORESIGHT NIRS monitor was used to assess brain tissue oxygenation in the frontal lobes for the first 72 hours of ICU admission. Physiological data was also recorded. We used the Confusion Assessment Method-ICU to screen for delirium. Results : From March 1st 2014-September 30th 2014, 10 patients with septic shock were recruited. The NIRS monitor captured 81% of the available data. No adverse events were recorded. Brain tissue oxygenation demonstrated significant intra- and inter-individual variability in the way it correlated with physiological parameters, such as mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation. Mean brain tissue oxygen levels were significantly lower in patients who were delirious for the majority of their ICU stay. Conclusion: It is feasible to record brain tissue oxygenation with NIRS in patients with septic shock. This study provides the infrastructure necessary for a larger prospective observational study to further examine the relationship between brain tissue oxygenation, physiological parameters, and acute neurological dysfunction.

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