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Page 1 of 19

  • KL2 scholars’ perceptions of factors contributing to sustained translational science career success
  • Susan S. Smyth, Barry S. Coller, Rebecca D. Jackson, Philip A. Kern, Scott McIntosh, Emma A. Meagher, Doris M. Rubio, Kathryn Sandberg, Joel Tsevat, Jason G. Umans, Jacqueline Attia, Heather L. Baker, Joan D. Nagel, Colleen A. McMullen, Erica Rosemond
  • Journal: Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 6 / Issue 1 / 2022
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 December 2021, e34
  • Print publication: 2022
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    Introduction:

    Identifying the most effective ways to support career development of early stage investigators in clinical and translational science should yield benefits for the biomedical research community. Institutions with Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) offer KL2 programs to facilitate career development; however, the sustained impact has not been widely assessed.

    Methods:

    A survey comprised of quantitative and qualitative questions was sent to 2144 individuals that had previously received support through CTSA KL2 mechanisms. The 547 responses were analyzed with identifying information redacted.

    Results:

    Respondents held MD (47%), PhD (36%), and MD/PhD (13%) degrees. After KL2 support was completed, physicians’ time was divided 50% to research and 30% to patient care, whereas PhD respondents devoted 70% time to research. Funded research effort averaged 60% for the cohort. Respondents were satisfied with their career progression. More than 95% thought their current job was meaningful. Two-thirds felt confident or very confident in their ability to sustain a career in clinical and translational research. Factors cited as contributing to career success included protected time, mentoring, and collaborations.

    Conclusion:

    This first large systematic survey of KL2 alumni provides valuable insight into the group’s perceptions of the program and outcome information. Former scholars are largely satisfied with their career choice and direction, national recognition of their expertise, and impact of their work. Importantly, they identified training activities that contributed to success. Our results and future analysis of the survey data should inform the framework for developing platforms to launch sustaining careers of translational scientists.

  • 7 - Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
  • Edited by Audrey Walker, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, Steven Schlozman, Jonathan Alpert, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York
  • Book: Introduction to Psychiatry
  • Published online: 22 July 2021
  • Print publication: 12 August 2021, pp 146-165
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    Summary

    This chapter presents an overview of the nature, assessment, and treatment of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRD), including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), hoarding disorder (HD), hair-pulling disorder (HPD), and skin-picking disorder (SPD). Specifically, we review the DSM-V diagnostic criteria, epidemiology and impact, clinical features and course, and etiological insights for each of these disorders in turn. Next, we discuss key points to consider when making a differential diagnosis with disorders outside the OCRD category. From there, we turn to a discussion of the assessment and treatment of these disorders using pharmacological, cognitive-behavioral, and neuromodulation interventions. Future directions in the research on OCRDs then follows.

  • Charting elimination in the pandemic: a SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey of blood donors in New Zealand
  • Lauren H. Carlton, Tiffany Chen, Alana L. Whitcombe, Reuben McGregor, Greg Scheurich, Campbell R. Sheen, James M. Dickson, Chris Bullen, Annie Chiang, Daniel J. Exeter, Janine Paynter, Michael G. Baker, Richard Charlewood, Nicole J. Moreland
  • Journal: Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 149 / 2021
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 July 2021, e173
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    New Zealand has a strategy of eliminating SARS-CoV-2 that has resulted in a low incidence of reported coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to describe the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in New Zealand via a nationwide serosurvey of blood donors. Samples (n = 9806) were collected over a month-long period (3 December 2020–6 January 2021) from donors aged 16–88 years. The sample population was geographically spread, covering 16 of 20 district health board regions. A series of Spike-based immunoassays were utilised, and the serological testing algorithm was optimised for specificity given New Zealand is a low prevalence setting. Eighteen samples were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, six of which were retrospectively matched to previously confirmed COVID-19 cases. A further four were from donors that travelled to settings with a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, suggesting likely infection outside New Zealand. The remaining eight seropositive samples were from seven different district health regions for a true seroprevalence estimate, adjusted for test sensitivity and specificity, of 0.103% (95% confidence interval, 0.09–0.12%). The very low seroprevalence is consistent with limited undetected community transmission and provides robust, serological evidence to support New Zealand's successful elimination strategy for COVID-19.

  • Chapter 1 - The Emergence of the Developmental Science of Memory
  • from Part I - Backdrop
  • Edited by Lynne E. Baker-Ward, North Carolina State University, David F. Bjorklund, Florida Atlantic University, Jennifer L. Coffman, University of North Carolina, Greensboro
  • Book: The Development of Children's Memory
  • Published online: 28 May 2021
  • Print publication: 10 June 2021, pp 3-10
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    Summary

    In this introduction to The Development of Children’s Memory: The Scientific Contributions of Peter A. Ornstein, we provide biographical information for Professor Ornstein and identify some contextual influences on his work. We then examine the four distinct but interrelated programs of research he conducted that form the structure for this volume. Next, we briefly describe the chapters that are included in the review of each research program and introduce the authors. Ornstein’s scientific development over his 50 years in research is depicted as moving from the study of age-related changes in memory performance to an increasing emphasis on the developmental processes that result in skilled remembering in children. This transition both reflected and contributed to the emergence of a developmental science of memory.

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