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78 results

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  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, depressive symptoms and somatic comorbidity in patients with coronary heart disease
  • Mira Tschorn, Stella Linnea Kuhlmann, Nina Rieckmann, Katja Beer, Laura Grosse, Volker Arolt, Johannes Waltenberger, Wilhelm Haverkamp, Jacqueline Müller-Nordhorn, Rainer Hellweg, Andreas Ströhle
  • Journal: Acta Neuropsychiatrica , First View
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 September 2020, pp. 1-9
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    Objective:

    Depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are highly comorbid conditions. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in cardiovascular processes. Depressed patients typically show decreased BDNF concentrations. We analysed the relationship between BDNF and depression in a sample of patients with CHD and additionally distinguished between cognitive-affective and somatic depression symptoms. We also investigated whether BDNF was associated with somatic comorbidity burden, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or congestive heart failure (CHF).

    Methods:

    The following variables were assessed for 225 hospitalised patients with CHD: BDNF concentrations, depression [Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)], somatic comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index), CHF, ACS, platelet count, smoking status and antidepressant treatment.

    Results:

    Regression models revealed that BDNF was not associated with severity of depression. Although depressed patients (PHQ-9 score >7) had significantly lower BDNF concentrations compared to non-depressed patients (p = 0.04), this was not statistically significant after controlling for confounders (p = 0.15). Cognitive-affective symptoms and somatic comorbidity burden each closely missed a statistically significant association with BDNF concentrations (p = 0.08, p = 0.06, respectively). BDNF was reduced in patients with CHF (p = 0.02). There was no covariate-adjusted, significant association between BDNF and ACS.

    Conclusion:

    Serum BDNF concentrations are associated with cardiovascular dysfunction. Somatic comorbidities should be considered when investigating the relationship between depression and BDNF.

  • Communality and Discord in an Early Neolithic Settlement Agglomeration: The LBK Site of Vráble, Southwest Slovakia
  • Martin Furholt, Nils Müller-Scheeßel, Maria Wunderlich, Ivan Cheben, Johannes Müller
  • Journal: Cambridge Archaeological Journal / Volume 30 / Issue 3 / August 2020
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 March 2020, pp. 469-489
  • Print publication: August 2020
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    Our research at the large LBK settlement site of Vráble, southwest Slovakia, revealed dynamics of social integration and antagonisms unfolding in an agglomerated, early farming community. During its lifespan from 5250 to 4950 bc, it constantly grew until around 5050 bc it was inhabited by about 70 contemporaneous longhouses. We found that Vráble consisted of markedly autonomous farmstead units that were held together by village-wide social institutions including sharing and communality. Nevertheless, from the beginning, a contradiction between particular farmstead and collective village and neighbourhood interests existed and rose. Towards the end of the village's existence, around 5075 bc an elaborate enclosure was constructed around one of the three neigbourhoods, actively blocking contact with the others. Along this enclosure, human bodies were deposited, showing a social categorization that we interpret as relating to social inequality. This rising level of conflict and emerging social inequality was, we argue, not sustainable under the conditions of early farming societies and led to the village's abandonment at 4950 bc.

  • Efficient simulation of threshold behavior
  • Dominic Kohler, Johannes Müller, Birgit Obst, Utz Wever
  • Journal: AI EDAM / Volume 31 / Issue 2 / May 2017
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 May 2017, pp. 173-184
  • Print publication: May 2017
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    The paper discusses a new method for the propagation of risk levels. This discretization takes place by considering the phase space of the state and its subdivision into boxes. In each time step, the method computes the probability of the state being in one box. We start with a variety of technical and physical problems by showing how discrete modeling under uncertainties is technically meaningful and often even problem inherent. Then we select the technical problem of contaminant spread in water grids, to which we apply the method of risk-level propagation in depth. Extensions of the method such as modeling of contaminant mixing at junctions in the discretized phase space and the applicability of conservation laws arise naturally along these lines and are discussed in the context of the general theory.

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