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5 results

  • Maternal serum vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine and the risk of neural tube defects in the offspring in a high-risk area of China

  • Ting Zhang, Ruolei Xin, Xue Gu, Fang Wang, Lijun Pei, Liangming Lin, Gong Chen, Jianxin Wu, Xiaoying Zheng
  • Journal: Public Health Nutrition / Volume 12 / Issue 5 / May 2009
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 May 2009, pp. 680-686
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  • Objective

    To examine the association between the risk of neural tube defects (NTD) and maternal serum vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine in a high-risk area of China.

    Design

    A case–control study was carried out in Luliang mountain area of Shanxi Province.

    Subjects/setting

    A total of eighty-four NTD pregnancies and 110 matched controls were included in the study; their serum vitamin B12 and folate concentrations were measured by chemiluminescent immunoenzyme assay and total homocysteine concentrations by fluorescent polarisation immunoassay.

    Results

    Serum vitamin B12 and folate concentrations were lower in NTD-affected pregnant women than in controls (P < 0·01). Serum total homocysteine was higher in the NTD group than in controls at less than 21 weeks of gestation (P < 0·01). Adjusted odds ratios revealed that women with lower vitamin B12 (adjusted OR=4·96; 95 % CI 1·94, 12·67) and folate (adjusted OR=3·23; 95 % CI 1·33, 7·85) concentrations had a higher risk of NTD compared to controls. Based on dietary analysis, less consumption of meat, egg or milk, fresh vegetables and fruit intake would increase the risk of NTD.

    Conclusions

    Lower serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B12 are related to the increased risk of NTD in high-risk populations. Both folate and vitamin B12 intake insufficiency could contribute to the increased risk of NTD. A dietary supplement, combining folate and vitamin B12, might be an effective measure to decrease the NTD incidence in these areas.

  • {111} Zig-Zag Transgranular Cracking in the Ll2 Intermetallic Compound Ni3Ge

  • Jianxin Fang, Erland M. Schulson
  • Journal: MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 288 / 1992
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 January 1992, 525
  • Print publication: 1992

  • Slip and fracture behavior in Ni3Ge with and without 0.06 at.% Boron has been examined by in-situstraining in a TEM. Crack propagate in a zig-zag, transgranular manner and the crack planes are coincident with the slip planes. Slip is activated on two major systems and a transition occurs ahead of dislocation pile-ups which occur on the primary system. Due to the thinning of material from the motion of dislocations, the crack follows alternately on these two slip planes, giving rise to the zig-zag transgranular path. Calculations show that the stress field due to the pile-up drives the slip transition.