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72 results

Page 1 of 4

Basic Structural Theory
  • Jacques Heyman
  • Published online:
    14 May 2010
    Print publication:
    08 May 2008
  • This text introduces the basic equations of the theory of structures. Conventional presentations of these equations follow the ideas of elastic analysis, introduced nearly two hundred years ago. The book is written against the background of advances made in structural theory during the last fifty years, notably by the introduction of so-called plastic theory. The emphasis throughout is on the derivation and application of the structural equations, rather than on details of their solution (nowadays best done by computer), and the numerical examples are deliberately kept simple.

  • Goats' milk of defective αs1-casein genotype decreases intestinal and systemic sensitization to β-lactoglobulin in guinea pigs

  • CLAUDIA BEVILACQUA, PATRICE MARTIN, CÉLINE CANDALH, JACQUES FAUQUANT, MICHEL PIOT, ANNE-MARIE ROUCAYROL, FABIO PILLA, MARTINE HEYMAN
  • Journal:
    Journal of Dairy Research / Volume 68 / Issue 2 / May 2001
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    06 August 2001, pp. 217-227
    Print publication:
    May 2001

  • Contradictory results have been reported on the use of goats' milk in cows' milk allergy. In this study the hypothesis was tested, using a guinea pig model of cows' milk allergy, that these discrepancies could be due to the high genetic polymorphism of goats' milk proteins. Forty guinea pigs were fed over a 20 d period with pelleted diets containing one of the following: soyabean proteins (group S), cows' milk proteins (group CM), goats' milk proteins with high (group GM1) or low (group GM2) αs1-casein content. Parenteral sensitization to GM1 and GM2 proteins was also assessed. The sensitization was measured (1) by systemic IgG1 antibodies directed against bovine or caprine β-lactoglobulin (β-lg), α-lactalbumin (α-la) and whole caseins, and (2) by intestinal anaphylaxis measured in vitro in Ussing chambers, by the rise in short-circuit current (ΔIsc) in response to milk proteins. Guinea pigs fed on CM and GM1 developed high titres (> 1500) of anti-β-lg IgG1, with an important cross reactivity between goat and cow β-lg. However, in guinea pigs fed on GM2, anti-goat β-lg IgG1 antibodies were significantly decreased compared with GM1 guinea pigs (mean IgG1 titres were 546 and 2046 respectively), and the intestinal anaphylaxis was significantly decreased (3·5±4·5 μA/cm2) compared with that observed in GM1 guinea pigs (8·3±7·6 μA/cm2). Animals receiving GM1 or GM2 proteins via the parenteral route developed a marked sensitization. These results suggest that the discrepancies observed in the use of goats' milk in cows' milk allergy could be due, at least in part, to the high genetic polymorphism of goats' milk proteins.

  • An observation on the fan vault of Henry VII Chapel, Westminster

  • Jacques Heyman
  • Journal:
    arq: Architectural Research Quarterly / Volume 4 / Issue 4 / December 2000
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 August 2008, pp. 357-372
    Print publication:
    December 2000

  • A close inspection was made of the vault of Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey, when it was scaffolded for repair and maintenance in 1994–95. Defects were seen which appear to be peculiar to fan vaults, and this paper attempts to explain these defects. The discussion involves an understanding of the behaviour of masonry, from the simplest arch form to barrel vaults, rib vaults and the complex fan structure, with an examination of the ‘pathology’ of these forms.

  • Palladio's wooden bridges

  • Jacques Heyman
  • Journal:
    arq: Architectural Research Quarterly / Volume 4 / Issue 1 / March 2000
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 August 2008, pp. 81-86
    Print publication:
    March 2000

  • In Book 3 of his Four Books on Architecture (1579), Palladio gives alternative designs for a wooden trussed bridge to span a river 100ft wide. The designs are ingenious, and analysis of Palladio's proposals shows that the bridges would have been effective. Some of the details, however, seem to be at variance with the expected structural action of the bridges, and there remain problems (not fully answered here) of practical construction.

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