Several research teams have previously traced patterns of emerging conduct problems (CP) from early or middle childhood. The current study expands on this previous literature by using a genetically-informed, experimental, and long-term longitudinal design to examine trajectories of early-emerging conduct problems and early childhood discriminators of such patterns from the toddler period to adolescence. The sample represents a cohort of 731 toddlers and diverse families recruited based on socioeconomic, child, and family risk, varying in urbanicity and assessed on nine occasions between ages 2 and 14. In addition to examining child, family, and community level discriminators of patterns of emerging conduct problems, we were able to account for genetic susceptibility using polygenic scores and the study's experimental design to determine whether random assignment to the Family Check-Up (FCU) discriminated trajectory groups. In addition, in accord with differential susceptibility theory, we tested whether the effects of the FCU were stronger for those children with higher genetic susceptibility. Results augmented previous findings documenting the influence of child (inhibitory control [IC], gender) and family (harsh parenting, parental depression, and educational attainment) risk. In addition, children in the FCU were overrepresented in the persistent low versus persistent high CP group, but such direct effects were qualified by an interaction between the intervention and genetic susceptibility that was consistent with differential susceptibility. Implications are discussed for early identification and specifically, prevention efforts addressing early child and family risk.

In 1931, S.R. Ranganathan, an unknown literary scholar and statistician from India, published a curious manifesto: The Five Laws of Library Science. The manifesto, written shortly after Ranganathan's return to India from London—where he learned to despise, among other things, the Dewey decimal system and British bureaucracy—argues for reorganizing Indian libraries. Ranganathan believed that India's libraries, many of which had been established by the British, could promote radically egalitarian ideals if they followed five fundamental laws.

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7–August 11, 2011.

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7–August 11, 2011.

Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) based micro-channel plates (MCP) are fabricated in order to develop economical large-area photodetectors. Commercially available glass capillary array has a limitation to reach channel diameter below ~10 microns. However, smaller channel diameter is desired for better spatial and fast timing resolution. AAO based MCP is a good candidate to produce channel diameter less than 10 um by taking advantage of the nano-scale intrinsic pores during etching process. In this study, various channel diameters are fabricated with use of lithographic patterning techniques and wet etching; and characterized with optical, atomic force, and scanning electron microscopies. The channel diameter, channel length and related aspect ratio, as well as the open area are varied in order to maximize the MCP photon amplification.

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2008 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, August 3 – August 7, 2008

Patterns of Late/Terminal Formative period (ca. 500 B.C.–A.D. 300) ceramic exchange in Oaxaca are examined through instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Samples of 453 Late/Terminal Formative period sherds were submitted to the Missouri University Research Reactor for INAA to determine elemental composition. The sherds came from 20 excavated sites and two surveys in the following regions: the Valley of Oaxaca, Mixteca Alta, Mixteca Baja, lower Río Verde Valley, and Cuicatlán Cañada. Selected for the study were vessel fragments from three recognized paste categories: grayware (gris), fine brownware (café fino), and creamware (crema). We also sampled clays and sherds from known sources in four modern pottery-making towns in the Oaxaca Valley. The research adds to the INAA database for Oaxaca by identifying the chemical signatures of six source groupings that we can link to specific regions and, in two cases, to particular source zones within regions. The evidence from chemical composition and typology indicates continuity in resource use and production practices in both Atzompa and Coyotepec from pre-Hispanic into modern times. The data show that the exchange of ceramics in Late/Terminal Formative Oaxaca was multidirectional, with ceramics imported both to and from the Oaxaca Valley.

To locate noise sources in high-speed jets, the far-field sound pressure fluctuations $p^\prime $ were correlated with each of density $\rho $, axial velocity $u$, radial velocity $v$, $\rho uu$ and $\rho vv$ fluctuations measured from various points in jet plumes. Detailed surveys were conducted in fully expanded, unheated plumes of Mach 0.95, 1.4 and 1.8. The velocity and density fluctuations were measured simultaneously using a recently developed non-intrusive point measurement technique based on molecular Rayleigh scattering. The technique uses a continuous-wave narrow line-width laser, Fabry–Perot interferometer and photon counting electronics. Laser light scattered by air molecules from a 1.06 mm long region on the narrow beam was collected and spectrally resolved by the interferometer. It was observed that the fluctuation spectra for air density inside the plume were in general similar to those of axial velocity spectra, while the radial velocity spectra were somewhat different. For the correlation study, microphone polar angles were varied from 30$^\circ$ to 90$^\circ$ to the jet axis. The sound pressure fluctuations $p^\prime $ at the shallowest 30$^\circ$ angle provided the highest correlation with turbulent fluctuations. The correlations sharply decreased as the polar angle was increased to 60$^\circ$, beyond which all data mostly fell below the experimental noise floor. Among all turbulent fluctuations $\langle\rho uu; p^\prime\rangle$ correlations showed the highest values. Correlation with the first-order terms $\langle\rho ^\prime \bar{u} \bar{u}; p^\prime \rangle$, $\langle\skew3\bar\rho \bar{u}u^\prime; p^\prime\rangle$ and third-order terms $\langle\rho ^\prime u^\prime u^\prime ;p^\prime\rangle$ was higher than that from the second-order terms $\langle\skew3\bar\rho u^\prime u^\prime ;p^\prime \rangle$ and $\langle\bar u\rho ^\prime u^\prime ; p^\prime \rangle$. Both $\langle v^\prime ; p^\prime \rangle$ and $\langle\rho vv; p^\prime \rangle$ correlations with the 90$^\circ$ microphone signal fell below the experimental noise floor, while that from the shallow 30$^\circ$ microphone showed weaker values. By moving the laser probe to various locations in the jet, it was found that the strongest noise source lay downstream of the end of the potential core and extended many diameters beyond. Correlation measurements from turbulent fluctuations along the lip shear layer showed a Mach-number dependency: significant values were measured in supersonic jets, while correlations fell below the noise floor for subsonic jets. Various additional analyses showed that fluctuations from large coherent structures mostly contributed to the measured correlation, while that from small-scale structures fell below the noise floor.