Peri-diagnostic vaccination contemporaneous with SARS-CoV-2 infection might boost antiviral immunity and improve patient outcomes. We investigated, among previously unvaccinated patients, whether vaccination (with the Pfizer, Moderna, or J&J vaccines) during the week before or after a positive COVID-19 test was associated with altered 30-day patient outcomes.

Using a deidentified longitudinal EHR repository, we selected all previously unvaccinated adults who initially tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between December 11, 2020 (the date of vaccine emergency use approval) and December 19, 2021. We assessed whether vaccination between days –7 and +7 of a positive test affected outcomes. The primary measure was progression to a more severe disease outcome within 30 days of diagnosis using the following hierarchy: hospitalization, intensive care, or death.

Among 60,031 hospitalized patients, 543 (0.91%) were initially vaccinated at the time of diagnosis and 59,488 (99.09%) remained unvaccinated during the period of interest. Among 316,337 nonhospitalized patients, 2,844 (0.90%) were initially vaccinated and 313,493 (99.1%) remained unvaccinated. In both analyses, individuals receiving vaccines were older, more often located in the northeast, more commonly insured by Medicare, and more burdened by comorbidities. Among previously unvaccinated patients, there was no association between receiving an initial vaccine dose between days −7 and +7 of diagnosis and progression to more severe disease within 30 days compared to patients who did not receive vaccines.

Immunization during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection does not appear associated with clinical progression during the acute infectious period.

A mental health promotion programme called ‘Healthy Me’, was a collaboration between Action Mental Health (AMH) MensSana, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in the Southern Health and Social Care Trust and the Royal College of Psychiatry (RCPsych) in Northern Ireland in 2014. Adapting ‘Healthy Me’ for delivery in special schools was recommended in evaluation of this pilot programme. A co-produced pilot adapted ‘healthy me’ programme, for young people with ID was taken forward by Action Mental Health (AMH) MensSana and Intellectual Disability Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (ID CAMHS) in the Southern Health and Social Care Trust (SHSCT). To determine the feasibility of adaptation and delivery of the programme for the needs of the ID population. To inform changes to be made before wider roll-out. To promote children's social and emotional well-being and emotional literacy through the teaching of problem-solving, coping skills, conflict management and managing feelings. To evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention with children being able to retain learning, information and ideas.

Evaluation

• • Pre programme quiz July 2021 (young people)

• • Post session 1–5 quizzes (young people)

• • Post programme quiz October 2021 (young people)

• • Simple visual blob tree (young people)

• • Pre programme initial outcome measure (parent) The Mood, Interest and Pleasure Questionnaire-short form (MIPQ-S) July 2021

• • Pre programme initial outcome measure (parent) non standardised, based on the strength and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) and the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised Person Most Knowledgeable version (PMK-CYRM-R) July 2021

• • Post programme repeated outcome measure (parent) MIPQ-S October 2021

• • Post programme repeated outcome measure (parent) Based on SDQ & PMK-CYRM-R October 2021

Six participants identified at outset and four attended and engaged consistently, young people aged between 14 and 17 years. Participants were supported 1:1 to fill in a simple evaluation forms after sessions rating their enjoyment and what they had learnt. Repeating the MIPQ-S with parents highlighted some improved scores indicating positive affect and elevated interest and pleasure.

The programme will be offered to in the next stage of the pilot to Special Schools in NI. It is hoped to show that similar positive gains can be made in the school settings for children and young people with intellectual disability in terms of promoting positive mental health and social and emotional well-being.

The physical and social environments that surround children should support good health. However, challenges with food security and access prevent many children from consuming a healthy diet, which is critical to proper growth and development. The present study sought to gain a better understanding of primary care initiatives to address these issues in a low-income setting.

Following the relocation of a paediatric clinic to a farmers’ market building and the implementation of a fruit and vegetable prescription programme, researchers conducted thirty-two semi-structured interviews with caregivers. Researchers elicited caregivers’ perceptions of clinic co-location with the farmers’ market; experiences with the prescription programme; opinions of the farmers’ market; and perceived impact on child consumption of fresh produce. Interview recordings were transcribed for textual analysis. Using thematic analysis, researchers examined qualitative data to identify patterns across transcripts and formulate emerging themes. Researchers concluded when data saturation was reached.

Flint, Michigan, USA.

The majority of participants were female (91 %) and African American (53 %).

Four recurrent themes emerged during interviews: (i) convenience of relocation; (ii) attitude towards prescription programme; (iii) challenges with implementation; and (iv) perceived impact of combined interventions. Caregivers indicated that the co-location and prescription programme increased family shopping at the farmers’ market, improved access to high-quality produce and improved food security.

A fruit and vegetable prescription programme involving a partnership between a farmers’ market and paediatric clinic was perceived as effective in improving food security, food access and child consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables.

To examine the use of vitamin D supplements during infancy among the participants in an international infant feeding trial.

Longitudinal study.

Information about vitamin D supplementation was collected through a validated FFQ at the age of 2 weeks and monthly between the ages of 1 month and 6 months.

Infants (n 2159) with a biological family member affected by type 1 diabetes and with increased human leucocyte antigen-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes from twelve European countries, the USA, Canada and Australia.

Daily use of vitamin D supplements was common during the first 6 months of life in Northern and Central Europe (>80 % of the infants), with somewhat lower rates observed in Southern Europe (>60 %). In Canada, vitamin D supplementation was more common among exclusively breast-fed than other infants (e.g. 71 % v. 44 % at 6 months of age). Less than 2 % of infants in the USA and Australia received any vitamin D supplementation. Higher gestational age, older maternal age and longer maternal education were study-wide associated with greater use of vitamin D supplements.

Most of the infants received vitamin D supplements during the first 6 months of life in the European countries, whereas in Canada only half and in the USA and Australia very few were given supplementation.