Some psychological disorder-comorbid with a medical diagnosis-presents a challenge for treatment because of diagnostic and treatment dilemmas. This study investigated associations between Psychoticism and Paranoid ideas in internal medicine and A&E1patient in a university hospital.

In this cross-sectional study, we checked 150 patients of internal medicine department and 150 patients, who have admitted to the A&E department as a control group. They have chosen by a Purposive accessible sampling method. The psychopathological profile was assessed using the SCL-90 questionnaire by Iranian version. Data have been computed and analyzed by SPSS V.17 and we used t-student, Mann-Whitney tests and logistic regression methods. The results have been considered significant when the two tailed p-value was less than 0.05.

In internal ward 70% and A&E department 43.3% of patient have had Paranoid ideas (OR= 4.2; 95% CI, 1.9 to 8.9). Psychoticism were observed in 38% of internal medicine patients and 20% of A&E's patients (OR= 7.64; 95% CI, 3.2 to 17.8).

The present results confirm the high prevalence rate of Psychoticism and Paranoid ideas in patients that hospitalized in internal to A & E ward. Recommendation are made to further investigate by greater sample size and different setting in this field is warranted.

Psychological disorder such as anxiety and depression have been related to increased mortality in both healthy individuals and medical patients. This study has been done for evaluation of prevalence of anxiety and depression and comparison with a control group (A&E's patients 1.

We checked three hundred patients of internal medicine and A&E (as a control group) department. They have chosen by a Purposive accessible sampling method. The psychopathological profile was assessed using the SCL-90 questionnaire by Iranian version. Data have been computed and analyzed by SPSS V.17 and we used Student t test for parametric variables and Mann-Whitney for the analysis of nonparametric variables and Linear regression was used to identify the impact of independent variables. The results have been considered significant when the two tailed p-value was less than 0.05.

In internal ward 69.3% and A&E department 42% of patient have had depression (OR= 3.5; 95% CI, 1.9 to 6.5). Anxiety were observed in 50.7% of internal medicine patients and 12% of A&E's patients (OR= 1.94; 95% CI, 5.1 to 23.7).

Prevalence of the depression and anxiety in internal ward patients was significantly higher in compare to A&E's patients. Therefore, it's necessary to consider these patients in order to diagnosing for the early treatment.

Negative emotions such as anxiety and depression have been related to increased mortality in both healthy individuals and medical patients The method of treatment would be changed when the patients have psychological problem. In internal ward researcher observed many patients that them shown psychiatric disorder such as depression and anxiety. Therefore, this study has been done for evaluation of prevalence of anxiety and depression and comparison with a control group.

In this cross-sectional study, we checked 150 patients of internal medicine department and 150 patients, who have admitted to the A&E department as a control group. They have chosen by a Purposive accessible sampling method. A questionnaire form, namely “SCL-R-90” was filled by a group of nursing student. This is known as a standardized questionnaire in Iran. Data have been computed and analyzed by SPSS V.13 and we used t-student, Mann-Whitney tests and logistic regression methods. The results have been considered significant when the two tailed p-value was less than 0.05.

In internal ward 69.3% and A&E department 42% of patient have had depression (OR=3.5, 95%CI=1.9—6.5). Anxiety were observed in 50.7%of internal medicine patients and 12% of A&E's patients (OR=1.94, 95%CI=5.1 —23.7).

Prevalence of the depression and anxiety in internal ward patients was significantly higher in compare to A&E's patients. Therefore, it's necessary to consider these patients in order to diagnosing for the early treatment. Recommendation are made to further investigate by greater sample size and different setting in this field is warranted.

One of the important problems of patient in internal medicine is less attention to emotional and psychological issues. The method of treatment would change when the patients have psychological problem.

The comparing of prevalence of mental disorders in internal medicine patients with parallel groups of A&E's patients.

The evaluation of prevalence of psychological problem in internal ward and A&E.

Three hundred patients have been checked in internal and emergency wards. They have chosen by a Purposive accessible sampling method. The psychopathological profile was assessed using the SCL-90 questionnaire by Iranian version. Data have been computed and analyzed by SPSS V.17 and Student t test for parametric variables and Mann-Whitney for the analysis of nonparametric variables and linear regression have been used to identify the impact of independent variables. The results have been considered significant when the two tailed p-value was less than 0.05.

Physical disorder was the main complain of internal ward (76.7%) and A&E (53.3%) patients. The main important complain of women patients in A&E were paranoid (64.3%) and in the men were physical problem (53%).

In 50 or older, the main complain in internal ward was psychiatric problem (%80.6), and in the emergency units obsessive- compulsive were %50.

Prevalence of nine psychiatric disorders in internal ward patients was significantly higher more than A&E patients. Most of patient that accepted in internal ward had psychiatric problem. Therefore, it’s necessary to pay attention to this kind of disorders for early treatment of patients.

Nurses have pivotal roles before, during, and after disasters. Enhancing their professional skills to help the injured is one the basic principles in health management in disasters. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of training disaster nursing preparedness on improving the preparedness of nurses.

Using a quasi-experimental method, 113 nurses were selected randomly. The preparedness program, which consisted of a one-day workshop on disaster management, a tabletop exercise, and an operational maneuver, was executed for the participants. The preparedness of all participating nurses was measured by disaster preparedness questionnaire, one week and also one month after the program. Data analysis was performed by using the ANOVA test.

The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and performance improved from 5.55 to 19.88, from 66.18 to 72.41, and from 3.36 to 12.48, respectively (p < 0.001). In addition, the mean of total preparedness score was increased from 75.14 in pretest to 104.77 in the follow up (p < 0.001).

Preparedness plan training improves participants' preparedness for responding disasters, because preparedness and reliability for responding to disasters is influenced directly by the training courses and previous experiments. Therefore, based on the results obtained in this project, in order to improve the preparedness of nursing staff, including a disaster preparedness plan in academic, educational curriculum and as a continuing educational program is recommended.

The prehospital time delay in acute health problem still is a problem in most low- and middle-income countries, like Iran. It often is possible to minimize adverse consequences by promptly providing effective prehospital services

This study was designed to compare the response time interval occurring during the prehospital care process in Tehran during the last decade.

A retrospective, comparative study was designed, and the mean response time intervals in relation to prehospital care were identified from September 1999 until September 2000 were compared with data from September 2009 until September 2010. Data were collected from Tehran emergency medical services (EMS) center registries.

The EMS center of Tehran dispatched 213 ambulances every day in 1999–2000 compared with 1,200 in 2009–2010. During the 2009–2010 period, the mean response time for city locations was 14.18(+ /−4) minutes, compared with 1999–2000 the mean response time for city location was 16(+ /− 8). The mean response time from the time period of 1999–2000 also was longer than for 2009–2010 (14.18 vs. 16.58 minutes).

Despite the prominent increase in the number of ambulance dispatching everyday, the mean response time in Tehran decreased during last decade. This improvement can be due to the improvement of the prehospital system in Tehran, including the number of: ambulances, trained staff, EMS stations, etc. However, it still is far from a national standard (eight minutes for city).