Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

4 results

  • 6 - The Origins of Prosociality from a Developmental and Comparative Perspective

  • from Part I - Development of Prosociality
  • Edited by Tina Malti, University of Toronto, Maayan Davidov, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Prosociality
    Published online:
    25 May 2023
    Print publication:
    08 June 2023, pp 108-126

  • Summary

    There has been much debate on the origins of prosocial behavior: do humans come into the world ready to help others, or is this something that must be learned? In this chapter, we approach this question by examining evidence on the ontogenetic and phylogenetic roots of prosocial behavior. First, we examine work with young children, focusing on the earliest developing prosocial behaviors of helping, comforting, and sharing. We then complement this developmental evidence with studies on chimpanzees and bonobos to gain insight into which elements of prosocial behavior might be evolutionarily inherited. Taken together, this evidence suggests that humans have a biological predisposition for prosocial behavior that we share with our ape cousins and that human-specific socialization practices build on this foundation throughout the course of development.

  • From partner choice to equity – and beyond?

  • Felix Warneken
  • Journal:
    Behavioral and Brain Sciences / Volume 36 / Issue 1 / February 2013
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 February 2013, p. 102

  • Baumard et al. provide an intriguing model where morality emerges from the dynamics of partner choice in mutualistic interactions. I discuss evidence from human and nonhuman primates that supports the overall approach, but highlights a gap in explaining the human specificity of moral cognition. I suggest that an essential characteristic of human fairness is to override concerns about merit in favor of promoting the welfare in others who are needy.

  • Chapter 25 - Cognition for Culture

  • from Part III - Empirical Developments
  • Edited by Philip Robbins, Washington University, St Louis, Murat Aydede, University of Florida
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Situated Cognition
    Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    03 November 2008, pp 467-479

  • Summary

    In the classical theory, the terms problem and task are interchangeable. Allen Newell and Herbert Simon introduced the expression task environment to designate an abstract structure that corresponds to a problem. It is called an environment because subjects who improve task performance are assumed to be adapting their behavior to some sort of environmental constraints, the fundamental structure of the problem. Task environments are differentiated from problem spaces, the representation subjects are assumed to mentally construct when they understand a task correctly. Puzzle and game cognition seems to fit the formal, knowledge-lean approach. The ideas of task environment and problem space have a formal elegance that is seductive. The four areas in which adherents of situated cognition ought to be offering theories are: hints, affordances, thinking with things, and self-cueing. Evidently, self-cueing helps beat the data driven nature of cognition.