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16 results

  • Relative validity of a short screener to assess diet quality in patients with severe obesity before and after bariatric surgery

  • Laura Heusschen, Agnes AM Berendsen, Michiel GJ Balvers, Laura N Deden, Jeanne HM de Vries, Eric J Hazebroek
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 25 / Issue 10 / October 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    04 July 2022, pp. 2731-2741
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  • Objective:

    To determine the relative validity and reproducibility of the Eetscore FFQ, a short screener for assessing diet quality, in patients with (severe) obesity before and after bariatric surgery (BS).

    Design:

    The Eetscore FFQ was evaluated against 3-d food records (3d-FR) before (T0) and 6 months after BS (T6) by comparing index scores of the Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015 (DHD2015-index). Relative validity was assessed using paired t tests, Kendall’s tau-b correlation coefficients (τb), cross-classification by tertiles, weighted kappa values (kw) and Bland–Altman plots. Reproducibility of the Eetscore FFQ was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).

    Setting:

    Regional hospital, the Netherlands.

    Participants:

    Hundred and forty participants with obesity who were scheduled for BS.

    Results:

    At T0, mean total DHD2015-index score derived from the Eetscore FFQ was 10·2 points higher than the food record-derived score (P < 0·001) and showed an acceptable correlation (τb = 0·42, 95 % CI: 0·27, 0·55). There was a fair agreement with a correct classification of 50 % (kw = 0·37, 95 % CI: 0·25, 0·49). Correlation coefficients of the individual DHD components varied from 0·01–0·54. Similar results were observed at T6 (τb = 0·31, 95 % CI: 0·12, 0·48, correct classification of 43·7 %; kw = 0·25, 95 % CI: 0·11, 0·40). Reproducibility of the Eetscore FFQ was good (ICC = 0·78, 95 % CI: 0·69, 0·84).

    Conclusion:

    The Eetscore FFQ showed to be acceptably correlated with the DHD2015-index derived from 3d-FR, but absolute agreement was poor. Considering the need for dietary assessment methods that reduce the burden for patients, practitioners and researchers, the Eetscore FFQ can be used for ranking according to diet quality and for monitoring changes over time.

  • Cost-effectiveness of a market-based home fortification of food with micronutrient powder programme in Bangladesh

  • Sayem Ahmed, Haribondhu Sarma, Zahid Hasan, Mahfuzur Rahman, Mohammad Wahid Ahmed, Mohammad Ashraful Islam, Eric W Djimeu, Mduduzi NN Mbuya, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jahangir AM Khan
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 24 / Issue S1 / April 2021
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 October 2020, pp. s59-s70
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  • Objective:

    We estimated the cost-effectiveness of home fortification with micronutrient powder delivered in a sales-based programme in reducing the prevalence of Fe deficiency anaemia among children 6–59 months in Bangladesh.

    Design:

    Cross-sectional interviews with local and central-level programme staff and document reviews were conducted. Using an activity-based costing approach, we estimated start-up and implementation costs of the programme. The incremental cost per anaemia case averted and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) averted were estimated by comparing the home fortification programme and no intervention scenarios.

    Setting:

    The home fortification programme was implemented in 164 upazilas (sub-districts) in Bangladesh.

    Participants:

    Caregivers of child 6–59 months and BRAC staff members including community health workers were the participants for this study.

    Results:

    The home fortification programme had an estimated total start-up cost of 35·46 million BDT (456 thousand USD) and implementation cost of 1111·63 million BDT (14·12 million USD). The incremental cost per Fe deficiency anaemia case averted and per DALY averted was estimated to be 1749 BDT (22·2 USD) and 12 558 BDT (159·3 USD), respectively. Considering per capita gross domestic product (1516·5 USD) as the cost-effectiveness threshold, the home fortification programme was highly cost-effective. The programme coverage and costs for nutritional counselling of the beneficiary were influential parameters for cost per DALY averted in the one-way sensitivity analysis.

    Conclusions:

    The market-based home fortification programme was a highly cost-effective mechanism for delivering micronutrients to a large number of children in Bangladesh. The policymakers should consider funding and sustaining large-scale sales-based micronutrient home fortification efforts assuming the clear population-level need and potential to benefit persists.

German Culture in Nineteenth-Century America
  • Reception, Adaptation, Transformation
  • With contributions by Eric Ames , Kirsten Belgum , Jeffrey A. Grossman , Robert C. Holub , Claudia Liebrand , Paul Michael Luetzeler , Linda Rugg , Jeffery L. Sammons , Hinrich C. Seeba , Lorie A. Vanchena , Gerhard Weiss and Gerhild Scholz Williams
  • Edited by Matt Erlin, Lynne Tatlock
  • Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    13 April 2017
    Print publication:
    12 November 2005
  • Building on recent trends in the humanities and especially on scholarship done under the rubric of cultural transfer, this volume emphasizes the processes by which Americans took up, responded to, and transformed German cultural material for their own purposes. The fourteen essays by scholars from the US and Germany treat such topics as translation, the reading of German literature in America, the adaptation of German ideas and educational ideals, the reception and transformation of European genres of writing, and the status of the "German" and the "European" in celebrations of American culture and criticisms of American racism. The volume contributes to the ongoing re-conception of American culture as significantly informed by non-English-speaking European cultures. It also participates in the efforts of historians and literary scholars to re-theorize the construction of national cultures. Questions regarding hybridity, cultural agency, and strategies of acculturation have long been at the center of postcolonial studies, but as this volume demonstrates, these phenomena are not merely operative in encounters between colonizers and colonized: they are also fundamental to the early American reception and appropriation of German cultural materials.

    Contributors: Hinrich C. Seeba, Eric Ames, Claudia Liebrand, Paul Michael Lützeler, Kirsten Belgum, Robert C. Holub, Jeffrey Grossman, Jeffrey L. Sammons, Linda Rugg, Gerhild Scholz Williams, Gerhard Weiss, Lorie Vanchena.

    Lynne Tatlock is Hortense and Tobias Lewin Distinguished Professor in the Humanities andMatt Erlin is Assistant Professor in the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, both at Washington University in St. Louis.

  • The Image of Culture — Or, What Münsterberg Saw in the Movies

  • from 1 - Cultural Politics at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
  • With contributions by Eric Ames , Kirsten Belgum , Jeffrey A. Grossman , Robert C. Holub , Claudia Liebrand , Paul Michael Luetzeler , Linda Rugg , Jeffery L. Sammons , Hinrich C. Seeba , Lorie A. Vanchena , Gerhard Weiss and Gerhild Scholz Williams
  • Edited by Matt Erlin, Assistant Professor in the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA, Lynne Tatlock, Hortense and Tobias Lewin Distinguished Professor in the Humanities at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
  • Book:
    German Culture in Nineteenth-Century America
    Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    13 April 2017
    Print publication:
    12 November 2005, pp 21-42

  • Summary

    In 1910 Hugo Münsterberg gave his inaugural address as the first Harvard exchange professor at the Berlin University. The lecture was titled “Die deutsche Kultur und das Ausland” (German Culture and Foreign Countries). In it he explains, “Der deutsch-amerikansiche Professorenaustausch war dem Wunsche entsprungen, mit dem Mitteln der höchsten Geisteskultur lebhaftere Fühlung zwischen den zwei voranstrebenden Völkern herzustellen” (1; the German-American professorial exchange emerged from the desire to foster mutual sympathy between the two leading nations by cultural means). Ironically, he noted, Germany had been slow to appreciate such means of asserting influence abroad. “Dunkel empfand man es, dass wenn politisch Deutschlands Zukunft auf dem Wasser liegt, geistig und kulturell ein gut Stück deutscher Zukunft jenseits des Wassers liegt” (3; Gradually it dawned on us that, if Germany's political future lies on the high seas, then much of its spiritual and cultural future lies on the other side of the water). German culture represented an untapped source of international power that would complement naval or military force. “Je mehr Deutschland von seiner Geistesarbeit ans Ausland abgibt, desto reicher wird sein Kultureinfluss in der Welt” (3; The more Germany transfers its cultural work to foreign countries, the richer will be its cultural influence in the world). To that end, Münsterberg announced, he would also direct the newly established Amerika-Institut in Berlin. Located in the new building of the Royal Library, it officially aimed to promote cultural relations between Germany and the United States by operating as what he termed (in English) an “intellectual clearing house.” Yet there was more at stake here than “mutual understanding” or academic exchange. Münsterberg envisioned the Amerika-Institut as a model for a much larger, future project, “ein sorgsam geknüpftes Netz internationaler Kulturpolitik [die] mit seinen Fäden den Erdkreis umspannt” (6; a carefully connected network of international cultural politics that would span the entire globe). In closing, the Harvard psychologist offered what he characterized as the most significant contribution to cultural exchange available to him: “Es ist die nachdrückliche Betonung, dass die mächtigste, nachhaltigste, tiefste deutsche Einwirkung in der weiten Welt stets von dem deutschen Idealismus ausging” (9–10; The emphatic assertion that the most powerful, lasting, and profound German influence in the entire world will always emanate from German idealism).

  • Leukemia in Twins: Antenatal and Postnatal Factors

  • Louis Keith, Eric R. Brown, Bruce Ames, Michael Stotsky, Donald M. Keith
  • Journal:
    Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae / Volume 25 / Issue 1 / January 1976
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 August 2014, pp. 336-341
    Print publication:
    January 1976
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  • Two factors emerged from a search for obstetric phenomena that might explain concordance of leukemia in both members of a twin pair within days or months of each other: antenatal exposure to ionizing radiation; and antenatal cojoined intrauterine circulation. In addition, antenatal tumor metastasis and chromosomal changes, antenatal or postnatal, may be contributory. Continued observation of reports should be carried out.