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36 results

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  • Microscopy & Microanalysis 2021 Virtual
  • Elizabeth R. Wright
  • Journal: Microscopy Today / Volume 30 / Issue 1 / January 2022
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 January 2022, pp. 10-12
  • Print publication: January 2022
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  • 19b - The Need for Mechanistic Models to Translate Traits from Bench to Bedside: Commentary on Using DSM-5 and ICD-11 Personality Traits in Clinical Treatment
  • from Part V - Treatment
  • Edited by Carl W. Lejuez, University of Kansas, Kim L. Gratz, University of Toledo, Ohio
  • Book: The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Disorders
  • Published online: 24 February 2020
  • Print publication: 07 May 2020, pp 471-474
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    Summary

    In their chapter, Bach and Presnall-Shvorin (this volume) introduce guidelines for incorporating empirically-driven trait models of personality pathology, codified in the DSM-5 and ICD-11, into therapeutic practice. Though the authors of this commentary are supportive of the effort to bridge research with clinical practice, they suggest that a mechanistic model which accounts for personality processes underlying descriptive traits could offer greater precision than traits alone. Furthermore, they argue that clinical dysfunction can only be meaningfully defined and treated with an understanding of dynamic, contextualized aspects of personality. To illustrate how a mechanistic model could complement and extend Bach and Presnall’s recommendations, the authors present a case conceptualization using cybernetic theory. Finally, they review how idiographic data gleaned from ambulatory assessment methods provide insight into pathological processes ideal for therapeutic intervention. To achieve a generalizable approach flexible enough to adapt to the individual, they encourage the development of treatment models that go beyond traits to mechanistically link stable and dynamic personality features into a unified framework.

  • Biological Applications at the Cutting Edge of Cryo-Electron Microscopy
  • Rebecca S. Dillard, Cheri M. Hampton, Joshua D. Strauss, Zunlong Ke, Deanna Altomara, Ricardo C. Guerrero-Ferreira, Gabriella Kiss, Elizabeth R. Wright
  • Journal: Microscopy and Microanalysis / Volume 24 / Issue 4 / August 2018
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 03 September 2018, pp. 406-419
  • Print publication: August 2018
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    Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a powerful tool for macromolecular to near-atomic resolution structure determination in the biological sciences. The specimen is maintained in a near-native environment within a thin film of vitreous ice and imaged in a transmission electron microscope. The images can then be processed by a number of computational methods to produce three-dimensional information. Recent advances in sample preparation, imaging, and data processing have led to tremendous growth in the field of cryo-EM by providing higher resolution structures and the ability to investigate macromolecules within the context of the cell. Here, we review developments in sample preparation methods and substrates, detectors, phase plates, and cryo-correlative light and electron microscopy that have contributed to this expansion. We also have included specific biological applications.

  • Phylogenetic taxonomy and classification of the Crinoidea (Echinodermata)
  • David F. Wright, William I. Ausich, Selina R. Cole, Mark E. Peter, Elizabeth C. Rhenberg
  • Journal: Journal of Paleontology / Volume 91 / Issue 4 / July 2017
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 February 2017, pp. 829-846
  • Print publication: July 2017
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    A major goal of biological classification is to provide a system that conveys phylogenetic relationships while facilitating lucid communication among researchers. Phylogenetic taxonomy is a useful framework for defining clades and delineating their taxonomic content according to well-supported phylogenetic hypotheses. The Crinoidea (Echinodermata) is one of the five major clades of living echinoderms and has a rich fossil record spanning nearly a half billion years. Using principles of phylogenetic taxonomy and recent phylogenetic analyses, we provide the first phylogeny-based definition for the Clade Crinoidea and its constituent subclades. A series of stem- and node-based definitions are provided for all major taxa traditionally recognized within the Crinoidea, including the Camerata, Disparida, Hybocrinida, Cladida, Flexibilia, and Articulata. Following recommendations proposed in recent revisions, we recognize several new clades, including the Eucamerata Cole 2017, Porocrinoidea Wright 2017, and Eucladida Wright 2017. In addition, recent phylogenetic analyses support the resurrection of two names previously abandoned in the crinoid taxonomic literature: the Pentacrinoidea Jaekel, 1918 and Inadunata Wachsmuth and Springer, 1885. Last, a phylogenetic perspective is used to inform a comprehensive revision of the traditional rank-based classification. Although an attempt was made to minimize changes to the rank-based system, numerous changes were necessary in some cases to achieve monophyly. These phylogeny-based classifications provide a useful template for paleontologists, biologists, and non-experts alike to better explore evolutionary patterns and processes with fossil and living crinoids.

  • Strategies for CLEM Imaging.
  • Cheri Hampton, Rebecca Dillard, Tanay Desai, Mariana Marin, Gregory Melikian, Elizabeth R. Wright
  • Journal: Microscopy and Microanalysis / Volume 22 / Issue S3 / July 2016
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 July 2016, pp. 1102-1103
  • Print publication: July 2016
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