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154 results

Page 1 of 8

  • Navigating complex financial decisions at retirement: evidence from annuity choices in public sector pensions
  • Robert L. Clark, Robert G. Hammond, David Vanderweide
  • Journal: Journal of Pension Economics & Finance / Volume 18 / Issue 4 / October 2019
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 January 2019, pp. 594-611
  • Print publication: October 2019
  • View abstract

    Choices regarding the disposition of wealth at retirement can have substantial implications for retirement income security. We analyze the factors determining annuity payout option choices within the context of a public sector defined pension plan with no default annuity option. Using combined administrative records and survey data, we explore the role of individual and household characteristics as well as risk preferences, time preferences, and financial literacy. We also document retiree well-being and satisfaction with retirement decision making. The evidence is consistent with predictions over which households might benefit most from each annuity option. Comparing retirees who chose different types of annuities, we find that these groups of retirees report very different levels of well-being in retirement. All retirees report lower levels of retirement income security over time, with strong differences among those who chose different types of annuities.

  • Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in West and Central Africa: unresolved questions
  • Neil Cumberlidge, David Rollinson, Jozef Vercruysse, Louis-Albert Tchuem Tchuenté, Bonnie Webster, Paul F. Clark
  • Journal: Parasitology / Volume 145 / Issue 13 / November 2018
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 September 2018, pp. 1748-1757
  • Print publication: November 2018
  • View abstract

    Paragonimiasis, human lung fluke disease, is a foodborne anthropozoonosis caused by the trematodes assigned to Paragonimus and is regarded by the World Health Organization as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). The life cycle of this medically important parasite centres on a complex freshwater biological community that includes two intermediate hosts: a mollusc and a decapod, usually a brachyuran. Although there is a perception that the biology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of Paragonimus is well understood, in reality, this is not the case, especially in Africa. Much remains unknown concerning the life-cycle of the parasite, its transmission, the current epidemiology of the disease, diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment. Furthermore, cases of paragonimiasis may be misdiagnosed as resistant tuberculosis (TB) because of the similar pulmonary symptoms and no remission after anti TB therapy. The endemic foci of human paragonimiasis in Africa have been reported mainly in the forest zones of Upper Guinea (Liberia, Guinea and Ivory Coast) and Lower Guinea (Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon). Despite the perceived medical importance of paragonimiasis, relatively little attention has been paid to this NTD since its discovery in Africa in the 1960s. This review focuses on the current understanding of the life cycle and transmission of Paragonimus in Africa, discusses its diagnosis and public health importance and highlights many outstanding gaps in the knowledge that still exist for this NTD.

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