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20 results

Rome, Empire of Plunder
  • The Dynamics of Cultural Appropriation
  • Edited by Matthew P. Loar, Carolyn MacDonald, Dan-el Padilla Peralta
  • Published online:
    25 October 2017
    Print publication:
    19 October 2017
  • Bringing together philologists, historians, and archaeologists, Rome, Empire of Plunder bridges disciplinary divides in pursuit of an interdisciplinary understanding of Roman cultural appropriation - approached not as a set of distinct practices but as a hydra-headed phenomenon through which Rome made and remade itself, as a Republic and as an Empire, on Italian soil and abroad. The studies gathered in this volume range from the literary thefts of the first Latin comic poets to the grand-scale spoliation of Egyptian obelisks by a succession of emperors, and from Hispania to Pergamon to Qasr Ibrim. Applying a range of theoretical perspectives on cultural appropriation, contributors probe the violent interactions and chance contingencies that sent cargo of all sorts into circulation around the Roman Mediterranean, causing recurrent distortions in their individual and aggregate meanings. The result is an innovative and nuanced investigation of Roman cultural appropriation and imperial power.

  • REWRITING ROME: TOPOGRAPHY, ETYMOLOGY AND HISTORY IN VARRO DE LINGVA LATINA 5 AND PROPERTIUS ELEGIES 4

  • Carolyn MacDonald
  • Journal:
    Ramus / Volume 45 / Issue 2 / December 2016
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    28 December 2016, pp. 192-212
    Print publication:
    December 2016

  • sunt…ista, Varro; nam nos in nostra urbe peregrinantis errantisque tamquam hospites tui libri quasi domum reduxerunt, ut possemus aliquando qui et ubi essemus agnoscere.

    (Cic. Acad. 1.3.9)

    What you say is true, Varro; for we were wandering and straying about, like foreigners in our own city, and your books, as it were, led us back home, so that we could see at last who and where we were.

    With its memorable image of the Antiquitates guiding home a Roman populace estranged from Rome, Cicero's compliment to Varro epitomises the Roman tendency to intertwine historical knowledge and the urban landscape. In the profusion of scholarship on Roman topography and memory, this tendency has become something of a topos in its own right. In her seminal monograph Writing Rome, for example, Catharine Edwards proposes that, ‘topography, for Romans, perhaps played a greater role than chronology for making sense of the past…places became vehicles for a kind of non-sequential history’. Straying about like foreigners in their own city, however, Cicero's lost Romans remind us that the city's history was not immanent in its hills and valleys, monuments and marketplaces. On the contrary, like any other, Rome's mnemonic topography was a work in process, constituted in ‘the persistent return to history, the systematic unearthing of ruins, the conscientious recovery of traditions, and…the reactivation of an inherited past’.

  • The impact of an integrated community-based micronutrient and health programme on stunting in Malawian preschool children

  • Alexander A Kalimbira, Carolyn MacDonald, Janis Randall Simpson
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 13 / Issue 5 / May 2010
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 November 2009, pp. 720-729
    • Article
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  • Objective

    To assess the impact of the 1996–2005 integrated community-based micronutrient and health (MICAH) programme on linear growth retardation (stunting) in Malawian preschool children living in rural areas.

    Design

    Prospective study of three large-scale cross-sectional surveys conducted in 1996, 2000 and 2004 in MICAH and Comparison populations.

    Setting

    Rural areas in Malawi.

    Subjects

    Preschool children (6·0–59·9 months) from randomly selected households (474 from the 1996 baseline survey; 1264 from 2000 MICAH areas; 1500 from 2000 Comparison areas; 1959 from 2004 MICAH areas; and 1008 from 2004 Comparison areas), who responded to a household questionnaire, were weighed and measured using standard protocols.

    Results

    At the baseline in 1996, the prevalence of stunting (60·2 %) was very high. By 2000, the prevalence of stunting had declined to 50·6 % and 56·0 % (χ2 = 7·8, P = 0·005) in MICAH and Comparison areas, respectively. In 2004, the prevalence of stunting did not differ significantly between MICAH and Comparison areas (43·0 % v. 45·1 %; χ2 = 1·11, P = 0·3). Severe stunting affected 34·7 % of children at baseline, which declined to 15·8 % and 17·1 % (χ2 = 0·86, P = 0·4) in MICAH and Comparison areas, respectively, by 2004. Regional variations existed, with proportionately fewer children from the Northern region being stunted compared to their Central and Southern region counterparts.

    Conclusion

    Given the length of implementation, wide-scale coverage and positive impact on child growth in Phase I (1996–2000), the MICAH programme is a potential model for combating linear growth retardation in rural areas in Malawi, although the catch-up improvement in Comparison areas during Phase II (2000–2004) cannot be adequately explained.

  • The impact of an integrated community-based micronutrient and health programme on anaemia in non-pregnant Malawian women

  • Alexander A Kalimbira, Carolyn MacDonald, Janis Randall Simpson
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 13 / Issue 9 / September 2010
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    05 November 2009, pp. 1445-1452
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  • Objective

    To assess the impact of an integrated community-based micronutrient and health (MICAH) programme on anaemia (Hb < 120 g/l) among non-pregnant rural Malawian women aged 15–49 years from communities that participated in the 1996–2005 MICAH programme.

    Design

    Prospective study of two large-scale cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2000 and 2004 as part of programme evaluation in MICAH and Comparison areas.

    Setting

    Rural areas across Malawi. The MICAH programme implemented a comprehensive package of interventions to reduce anaemia, based on a broad range on direct and indirect causes in Malawi. The project approaches included: Fe supplementation; dietary diversification and modification; food fortification; and strengthening primary health care.

    Participants

    Non-pregnant women of childbearing age (15–49 years old, n 5422), from randomly selected households that responded to a household questionnaire, had their Hb measured from finger-prick blood samples using the HemoCue®.

    Results

    In 2000, there was no significant difference in Hb concentration between MICAH and Comparison areas (mean (se): 117·4 (0·4) v. 116·8 (0·5) g/l, P > 0·05) and the corresponding prevalence of anaemia (53·5 % v. 52·9 %, P > 0·05). By 2004, Hb concentration had increased significantly in MICAH but not in Comparison areas (mean (se): 121·0 (0·4) v. 115·7 (0·6) g/l, P < 0·001), and the prevalence of anaemia had declined significantly in MICAH areas (53·5 % to 44·1 %, χ2 = 28·2, P < 0·0001) but not in Comparison areas (52·8 % to 54·0 %, χ2 = 0·3, P = 0·6).

    Conclusions

    The MICAH programme was an effective public health nutrition programme that was associated with significant reductions in the prevalence of anaemia among non-pregnant rural Malawian women.