Strengthening health systems and maintaining essential service delivery during health emergencies response is critical for early detection and diagnosis, prompt treatment, and effective control of pandemics, including the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Health information systems (HIS) developed during recent Ebola outbreaks in West Africa and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) provided opportunities to collect, analyze, and distribute data to inform both day-to-day and long-term policy decisions on outbreak preparedness. As COVID-19 continues to sweep across the globe, HIS and related technological advancements remain vital for effective and sustained data sharing, contact tracing, mapping and monitoring, community risk sensitization and engagement, preventive education, and timely preparedness and response activities. In reviewing literature of how HIS could have further supported mitigation of these Ebola outbreaks and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, 3 key areas were identified: governance and coordination, health systems infrastructure and resources, and community engagement. In this concept study, we outline scalable HIS lessons from recent Ebola outbreaks and early COVID-19 responses along these 3 domains, synthesizing recommendations to offer clear, evidence-based approaches on how to leverage HIS to strengthen the current pandemic response and foster community health systems resilience moving forward.

Despite growing international attention, the anthropological and socio-behavioral elements of epidemics continue to be understudied and under resourced and lag behind the traditional outbreak response infrastructure. As seen in the current 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, the importance of socio-behavioral elements in understanding transmission and facilitating control of many outbreak-prone pathogens, this is problematic. Beyond the recent strengthening of global outbreak response capacities and global health security measures, a greater focus on the socio-behavioral components of outbreak response is required. We add to the current discussion by briefly highlighting the importance of socio-behavior in the Ebola virus disease (EVD) response, and describe vital areas of future development, including methods for community engagement and validated frameworks for behavioral modeling and change in outbreak settings.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The modified Atkins diet (MAD) is used in the management of drug-resistant epilepsy in adults. Some patients on MAD show an increase in serum levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. We explored whether dietary fat composition predicts short-term elevations in serum lipid levels in diet-naïve adults who begin MAD. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Participants self-reported their diet intake with 3-day food records at baseline, 1 month and 2 months. Food records were analyzed using Nutrition Data System for Research software. Fasting serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides were also collected and LDL level calculated at baseline, 1 month, and 2 months. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: 38 patients submitted complete food records at each study visit (baseline, 1 month, and 2 month). Compared to baseline diet intake, there was a significant reduction in daily carbohydrate intake at 1 and 2 months months (p<0.001). There was also a significant increase in daily saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake at 1 and 2 months (p<0.001), daily mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake at 1 and 2 months (p<0.001), and daily cholesterol intake at 1 month (p<0.05) and 2 months (p<0.001), but no change in daily poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake over time. Compared to baseline, there was a significant increase in serum LDL at 1 month (p<0.001) and 2 months (p<0.01) and an increase in serum TC at 1 month (p<0.01) but not 2 months. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT : Despite a significant increase in total fat, saturated fat and mono-unsaturated fat intake as well as an increase in total cholesterol and LDL levels following MAD initiation, dietary fat composition appears to minimally predict serum lipid values in the short term. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: Tanya McDonald has received speaking honoraria from Nutricia North America. Bobbie Henry-Barron receives grants from Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR) which is funded in part by Grant Number UL1 TR 001079 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research, Nutricia and Vitaflo. Diane Vizthum receives grants from the Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR) which is funded in part by Grant Number UL1 TR 001079 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. Mackenzie C. Cervenka has received grant support from Nutricia North America, Vitaflo, Army Research Laboratory, The William and Ella Owens Medical Research Foundation and BrightFocus Foundation. She receives speaking honoraria from LivaNova, Epigenix, Nutricia North America and the Glut1 Deficiency Foundation and performs consulting with Nutricia North America and Sage Therapeutics and receives Royalties from Demos Health.

Background: Trauma care represents a complex patient journey, requiring multi-disciplinary coordinated care. Team members are human, and as such, how they feel about their colleagues and their work affects performance. The challenge for health service leaders is enabling culture that supports high levels of collaboration, cooperation and coordination across diverse groups. Aim Statement: We aimed to define and set the agenda for improvement of the relational aspects of trauma care at a large tertiary care hospital. Measures & Design: We conducted a mixed-methods collaborative ethnography using the Relational Coordination survey – an established tool to analyze the relational dimensions of multidisciplinary teamwork – participant observation, interviews, and narrative surveys. Findings were presented to clinicians in working groups for further interpretation and to facilitate co-creation of targeted interventions designed to improve team relationships and performance. Evaluation/Results: We engaged a complex multidisciplinary network of ~500 care providers dispersed across seven core interdependent clinical disciplines. Initial findings highlighted the importance of relationships in trauma care and opportunities to improve. Narrative survey and ethnographic findings further highlighted the centrality of a translational simulation program in contributing positively to team culture and relational ties. A range of 16 interventions – focusing on structural, process and relational dimensions – were co-created with participants and are now being implemented and evaluated by various trauma care providers. Discussion/Impact: Through engagement of clinicians spanning organizational boundaries, relational aspects of care can be measured and directly targeted in a collaborative quality improvement process. We encourage health care leaders to consider relationship-based quality improvement strategies, including translational simulation and relational coordination processes, in their efforts to improve care for patients with complex, interdependent journeys.

Le trouble bipolaire (TB) est une maladie chronique sévère qui atteint 1 à 4 % de la population générale. Le TB entraîne un handicap majeur lié au très haut niveau de rechute (60 % à 2 ans), à l’impact fonctionnel des comorbidités associées et aux troubles persistants entre les épisodes. Cette maladie récurrente a été reconnue par l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) comme la septième cause de handicap par année de vie parmi toutes les maladies dans la population des 15 à 44 ans [1]. L’arrivée nouvelle du DSM-5 témoigne de la volonté d’amélioration des outils de classification diagnostique à partir des biomarqueurs validés dans chaque trouble psychiatrique. Néanmoins, l’identification de tels biomarqueurs n’est pas toujours facile et se heurte à la complexité et à l’hétérogénéité des pathologies dont celle du trouble bipolaire. Ainsi, des efforts croissants sont fait afin d’identifier de nouveaux biomarqueurs du TB qui corrèlent avec des symptômes ou des dimensions cliniques de la maladie. Des travaux récents ont mis l’accent sur l’intérêt de biomarqueurs pour les TB dans le champ de la neuro-imagerie [2], des rythmes circadiens [3] et de certains marqueurs moléculaires [4]. Ces biomarqueurs ont pour objectif d’aider non seulement au meilleur dépistage du trouble et à sa meilleure compréhension physiopathologique, mais aussi à la prévention des rechutes, à l’évaluation de l4efficacité des thérapeutiques et à la prédiction de la réponse thérapeutique. Cette recherche de biomarqueurs s’inscrit dans un effort général de la recherche d’une médecine personnalisée.

Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) is a statistical method created to explore the heterogeneity of clinical groups based on their longitudinal outcomes by identifying distinct trajectories of change. This model can be applied to assess heterogeneity in responses to treatment. This pilot study explored the relevance of the GBTM associated with the dimensional evaluation of mood (MATHYS) to define trajectory of recovery in acute bipolar mood episodes on a short period of time during a naturalistic study.

ENBREC (European Network of Bipolar Research Expert Centres) is a disease-oriented network designed to set up a EU-wide network of expert centres, specialized in research and care in bipolar disorders. The European added value is to share expertise in the different fields of research and to have access to large cohorts of patient. It is an FP7 project whith 6 countries involved.

ENBREC will provide an EU-integrated facility for research on epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and on the mechanisms of bipolar disorders.

A preliminary step was to develop a computerized medical file to collect in a same manner a minimum set of clinical data to perform observational studies. We also include a common cognitive battery. Patients will be re-assessed every 6 months. This systematic assessment is the minimum required to be involved as an expert centre of the network. In parallel, we will collect DNA samples to perform genetic studies on well-characterized patients. Moreover, data from scanners performed for diagnostic purpose will be pooled to provide a large sample of structural brain pictures.

Other modules are proposed in the framework of the expert centres for observational studies with a high frequency of assessment to be able to capture more detailed description in psychopathological variables and in treatment response.

This cohort will allow selecting and recruiting patients for interventional studies or in specific programmes of research. Large cohorts of well-characterized patients are needed to improve the knowledge of this heterogeneous disease and to translate research outcomes into health improvements.

Résumé non reçu.

Objective. As some temperament profiles may be markers of genetic vulnerability traits, we aimed to compare sensation seeking in euthymic bipolar patients and in controls. Methods. One hundred ninety-four patients fulfilling DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorders (BP), 81% of whom presented type I BP, and 95 controls were included in this study. Euthymia was assessed using both the MADRS and Bech mania scales. Subjects were evaluated using the French abbreviated form of Zuckerman’s Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS), which provide a total score (TS) and four subscores: Thrill and Adventure Seeking (TAS), Experience Seeking (ES), Disinhibition (Dis), and Boredom Susceptibility (BS). Results. SSS total score differed significantly between men (17.2 ± 0.5) and women (15.3 ± 0.6) (P = 0.02) and all the subscores were negatively correlated with age. On adjustement for sex and age, we found that bipolar patients had a high Dis score (P = 0.003). However, if the same analysis was performed with a lifetime history of alcohol abuse or dependence as a covariable, no such difference was found (P = 0.436). The SSS demonstrated a high degree of test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.91). Conclusion. These results suggest that sensation seeking assessed with the SSS is not a temperament characteristic associated with bipolar disorders but is instead linked to a tendency towards alcohol abuse.

EUthymic states in bipolar disorders are generally considered to be devoid of severe symptoms. However, bipolar patients present subsyndromal symptoms for half of their life, and often have comorbid psychiatric disorders. If we go beyond the concept of temperamental features, can we identify certain emotional characteristics distinguishing normothymic bipolar patients from normal controls? The aim of this study was to assess the emotional reactivity of normothymic bipolar patients, comparing such patients with a normal control group during an experimental mood induction procedure.

We evaluated the subjective emotional reactivity of 145 subjects (90 control subjects and 55 normothymic bipolar patients), using an emotional induction method based on the viewing of a set of slides (6 positive, 6 negative, 6 neutral) extracted from International Affective Picture System. Subjective valence and arousal were recorded with the Self Assessment Manikin.

We also recorded startle reflexes.

Normothymic bipolar patients and normal controls assessed valence and arousal similarly for positive and negative images. However, neutral images were considered more pleasant, and induced a higher level of arousal, in normothymic bipolar patients than in control subjects. Neutral pictures also triggered a stronger startle reflex in normothymic bipolar patients compared to controls.

Normothymic bipolar patients displayed emotional hyper-reactivity, mostly evidenced in neutral situations. This feature may be linked to emotional dysregulation and is a potential endophenotype and or a risk factor for bipolar disorders. This trait may be responsible for vulnerability to minor stressful events in everyday life. These findings have potential implications for the daily management.

Face aux difficultés persistantes pour traiter efficacement la dépression bipolaire et à la complexité des guidelines, il est indispensable d’identifier des prédicteurs de réponse aux traitements médicamenteux afin d’améliorer le pronostic fonctionnel des patients. Des études cliniques avec une approche dimensionnelle ont montré que les dépressions bipolaires pouvaient être caractérisées par la réactivité émotionnelle , celle-ci pouvant constituer un marqueur d’intérêt de réponse aux traitements pharmacologiques. Dans cette perspective, l’utilisation de modèles statistiques de trajectoire pour différencier des profils cliniques de réponses aux traitements a permis de montrer que l’hyperréactivité émotionnelle serait un facteur prédictif d’une bonne réponse aux antipsychotiques atypiques. Cependant, certaines dépressions bipolaires avec une hyporéactivité émotionnelle semblent résister aux traitements classiques. De ce fait, plusieurs études ont testé l’intérêt de thérapeutiques moins conventionnelles dans le traitement des dépressions bipolaires résistantes aux traitements habituels . Le pramipexole est un agoniste dopaminergique dont la particularité est d’avoir une affinité sélective pour les récepteurs D3 de la voie mésolimbique. Les données actuelles concernant l’efficacité antidépressive de ce traitement dans les dépressions bipolaires résistantes semblent en faveur de taux de réponses et de rémission significativement plus importants et plus précoces (dès la 3e semaine) en comparaison à des antidépresseurs classiques ou d’un placebo, et d’une bonne tolérance . Une série d’observations cliniques chez 64 patients souffrant de dépression (uni ou bipolaire) suivis en ambulatoire a montré une efficacité du pramipexole sur les symptômes de dépression dans un délai de 3 à 17 jours à des doses moyennes de 1,4 mg/j. L’hyporéactivité émotionnelle pourrait être un indicateur d’une meilleure efficacité du traitement. Nous proposons dans ce symposium de mettre en perspective les caractéristiques cliniques des dépressions bipolaires qui pourraient orienter le choix du clinicien entre antipsychotiques atypiques, antidépresseurs et thérapeutiques innovantes.

Le pramipexole est un agoniste dopaminergique, connu pour son utilisation dans la maladie de Parkinson idiopathique, dont la particularité est d’avoir une affinité sélective pour les récepteurs D3 de la voie mésolimbique. Le rôle de la dopamine ayant été mis en évidence dans la physiopathologie de la dépression, des études se sont intéressées à l’action antidépressive du pramipexole et ont démontré une efficacité comparable à celle d’un inhibiteur sélectif de la recapture de la sérotonine dans le traitement des épisodes dépressifs unipolaires . Du fait de la résistance aux traitements conventionnels de certaines formes de dépressions bipolaires, plusieurs études ont testé l’intérêt de thérapeutiques moins conventionnelles, en particulier le pramipexole, dans le traitement des dépressions bipolaires réfractaires . Les données actuelles concernant l’efficacité antidépressive de ce traitement dans les dépressions bipolaires résistantes sont peu nombreuses, et semblent toutefois en faveur de taux de réponse et de rémission significativement plus importants et plus précoces (dès la 3e semaine) en comparaison à des antidépresseurs classiques ou d’un placebo. Nous détaillerons les données de la littérature concernant les dépressions bipolaires. La dose moyenne quotidienne entre les études était d’1,6 mg au profil d’une bonne tolérance , ce qui était confirmé par les études de suivi au long court. Toutefois, le faible nombre d’études réalisées ne fournissait pas d’informations sur le profil clinique des patients qui pourraient bénéficier de ce type de traitement. Du fait de son action agoniste sélective centrale sur une voie impliquée dans les processus motivationnels et de récompense, on peut supposer que certaines dépressions caractérisées par une apathie et une hyporéactivité émotionnelle seraient davantage susceptibles de bien répondre à ce traitement. Afin de confirmer cette hypothèse, nous présenterons une série d’observations cliniques chez des patients souffrant de dépression bipolaire, pour lesquels nous avons évalué l’efficacité du pramipexole sur les symptômes de dépression.

Olfactory dysfunction has been correlated with alterations in the emotional processes in several neuropsychiatric disorders. However, there is little research on olfactory processing and emotional regulation in bipolar disorder. We aim to explore the potential relationship between these two relevant dimensions (olfaction and emotional response) in patients with bipolar disorders.