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29 results

Page 1 of 2

  • A Fair Process Matters: The Relationship between Public Participation and Constitutional Legitimacy

  • Ran Hirschl, Alexander Hudson
  • Journal:
    Law & Social Inquiry , First View
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    12 January 2024, pp. 1-28
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  • Public participation is widely considered to be an indispensable part of contemporary constitution-making processes, largely because it is thought to create a sense of public ownership of the new constitution. However, as recent research has shown that public participation has little actual impact on the content of the constitution, this supposed link is puzzling. How can ineffective participation contribute to public support for the constitution? We address this puzzle by subjecting it to experimental tests. In two recontact survey experiments conducted across six countries, we empirically tested the effects of various forms of participation at the constitution drafting stage and their concrete impact on public support for the constitution. We found that the act of participating in itself has little effect on support for the constitution but that broader cues that give the impressions of a fair process can have significant positive effects. This indicates that participation in constitution drafting can increase public support for a constitution regardless of the extent to which it has an impact on the constitutional text and that the appearance of a fair process is the link between participation and support.

  • Exploring the demography and conservation needs of hawksbill sea turtles Eretmochelys imbricata in north-west Mexico

  • Lourdes Martínez-Estévez, Abelino Angulo Angulo, Mayra Estrella Astorga, Cosme Damián Becerra, Nazario Campaña Leyva, Felipe Cuevas Amador, Juan Pablo Cuevas Amador, Tania de la Vega Carvajal, Anely Fernández Robledo, Alexander R. Gaos, Catherine E. Hart, Amy Hudson Weaver, José Luis López, Jesus Lucero, Israel Llamas, Agnese Mancini, Karen Oceguera, Jeffrey A. Seminoff, Bernie R. Tershy, Ingrid L. Yañez, Alan Zavala-Norzagaray, Donald A. Croll
  • Journal:
    Oryx / Volume 57 / Issue 3 / May 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    18 December 2022, pp. 392-400
    Print publication:
    May 2023
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  • The hawksbill sea turtle Eretmochelys imbricata is categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List and its population has declined by over 80% in the last century. The Eastern Pacific population is one of the most threatened hawksbill populations globally. Western Mexico is the northern distribution limit for hawksbill sea turtles in the Eastern Pacific and recent research indicates that the Mexican Pacific portion of the population is a separate management unit because of the restricted movements of these turtles. Here we use the most complete database of sighting records in the north-west Pacific of Mexico to identify sites where hawksbill turtles are present. We also develop a conservation index to determine the conservation status of hawksbill turtle sites. Our results demonstrate the importance of this region for juveniles and the relevance of rocky reefs and mangrove estuaries as habitats for hawksbill turtles. We identified 52 sites with records of hawksbill turtles. Most of these sites (71%) are not protected; however, sites with high conservation value included islands and coastal sites along the Baja California peninsula that are established as marine protected areas. Reefs and mangrove estuaries relevant for hawksbill turtles are probably also significant fish nursery areas that are important for local fishing communities, creating opportunities for conservation strategies that combine science, local engagement and policy to benefit both local fishing communities and hawksbill sea turtle conservation.

The Veil of Participation
  • Citizens and Political Parties in Constitution-Making Processes
  • Alexander Hudson
  • Published online:
    05 April 2021
    Print publication:
    06 May 2021
  • Public participation is a vital part of constitution-making processes around the world, but we know very little about the extent to which participation affects constitutional texts. In this book, Alexander Hudson offers a systematic measurement of the impact of public participation in three much-cited cases - Brazil, South Africa, and Iceland - and introduces a theory of party-mediated public participation. He argues that public participation has limited potential to affect the constitutional text but that the effectiveness of participation varies with the political context. Party strength is the key factor, as strong political parties are unlikely to incorporate public input, while weaker parties are comparatively more responsive to public input. This party-mediation thesis fundamentally challenges the contemporary consensus on the design of constitution-making processes and places new emphasis on the role of political parties.

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