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We prove that sets with positive upper Banach density in sufficiently large dimensions contain congruent copies of all sufficiently large dilates of three specific higher-dimensional patterns. These patterns are: 2n vertices of a fixed n-dimensional rectangular box, the same vertices extended with n points completing three-term arithmetic progressions, and the same vertices extended with n points completing three-point corners. Our results provide common generalizations of several Euclidean density theorems from the literature.
Despite the strong link between childhood maltreatment and psychopathology, the underlying neurodevelopmental mechanisms are poorly understood and difficult to disentangle from heritable and prenatal factors. This study used a translational macaque model of infant maltreatment in which the adverse experience occurs in the first months of life, during intense maturation of amygdala circuits important for stress and emotional regulation. Thus, we examined the developmental impact of maltreatment on amygdala functional connectivity (FC) longitudinally, from infancy through the juvenile period. Using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) we performed amygdala–prefrontal cortex (PFC) region-of-interest and exploratory whole-brain amygdala FC analyses. The latter showed (a) developmental increases in amygdala FC with many regions, likely supporting increased processing of socioemotional-relevant stimuli with age; and (b) maltreatment effects on amygdala coupling with arousal and stress brain regions (locus coeruleus, laterodorsal tegmental area) that emerged with age. Maltreated juveniles showed weaker FC than controls, which was negatively associated with infant hair cortisol concentrations. Findings from the region-of-interest analysis also showed weaker amygdala FC with PFC regions in maltreated animals than controls since infancy, whereas bilateral amygdala FC was stronger in maltreated animals. These effects on amygdala FC development may underlie the poor behavioral outcomes associated with this adverse experience.
This research paper addresses the hypothesis that an oral supplementation with organically modified clinoptilolite will improve colostrum quality in primiparous dairy cows whilst having no adverse effects on the cows' health. A total of 36 pregnant Holstein primiparous dairy cattle were randomly assigned to receive daily oral drenching, two hours following morning feeding, with 1 l of water containing either 0 g/l (n = 16) or 150 g/l (n = 20) of clinoptilolite. Treatment lasted from 24 ± 4 d prior to expected parturition until two days postpartum (pp). Colostrum was collected at 2 to 3 h, 12, 24 and 36 h pp and blood samples were collected at 24 ± 4 and 4 ± 2 d prior to parturition and 1, 2 and 7 d pp. Overall mean dry matter, fat and total protein percentage as well as IgG concentration and mass were significantly greater in colostrum collected from cattle drenched with clinoptilolite (total protein increased by 15% and IgG concentration and mass by 21 and 38% respectively at first sampling and further at second sampling). Total γ globulin and most other blood serum biochemistry parameters did not differ between cattle treated and not treated with clinoptilolite, the only exception being the fast anionic γ globulin fraction that was 17% greater at 4 ± 2 d prior to parturition and 10% lower on the 1st day pp in treated cattle. These results showed that organically modified oral clinoptilolite supplementation at 150 g/d significantly increases the IgG concentration in colostrum and has no adverse effects on the energy status, protein, lipid, and mineral metabolism in primiparous dairy cattle during prepartum period.
The Fontan Outcomes Network was created to improve outcomes for children and adults with single ventricle CHD living with Fontan circulation. The network mission is to optimise longevity and quality of life by improving physical health, neurodevelopmental outcomes, resilience, and emotional health for these individuals and their families. This manuscript describes the systematic design of this new learning health network, including the initial steps in development of a national, lifespan registry, and pilot testing of data collection forms at 10 congenital heart centres.
Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) was developed for the treatment of tubal infertility, [1], it soon became apparent that human IVF had many other applications such as male factor subfertility [2], unexplained subfertility [3] and restoring fertility in women without functioning ovaries using ovum [4] or embryo donation. Although ovum donation was originally used to treat women with Turner’s syndrome [5], it has also been successfully applied to women with other causes of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) over the last 35 years. The concept of gamete donation is not new, with sperm donation (DI) having been utilized, initially with fresh sperm and subsequently with stored frozen sperm for several decades [6]. In DI the woman’s partner becomes the social father but is not the genetic father, whereas in oocyte donation the woman who has the child is the birth and social mother, but not the genetic mother. Although the child is not directly genetically linked, egg donation allows the patient to carry and deliver her husband’s genetic child.
In the Transdanubian Range, Pannonian Basin, Hungary, karstic sinkholes on a planation surface of Triassic carbonates are filled by grey clayey–silty kaolin deposits. The provenance and accumulation age of these strongly altered terrestrial karst-filling sediments are constrained by X-ray powder diffraction, heavy mineral analysis and zircon U–Pb dating. The heavy minerals of the Southern Bakony Mountains samples are dominated by the ultra-stable zircon–rutile–tourmaline association. Zircon U–Pb data indicate accumulation between 20 and 16 Ma. Furthermore, Archaean to Palaeogene grains were also determined, reflecting the principally fluvial recycling of Eocene bauxites and their cover sequences. In contrast, the sample from the Keszthely Hills consists almost exclusively of airborne material including zircons of 18–14 Ma, reflecting a dominant contribution from the Carpathian–Pannonian Neogene volcanism. The shift in the Miocene age components is inferred to have been caused by the landscape evolution and burial history of the planation surface remnants controlled by local block tectonics.
With up to 60 per cent of women experiencing both physical and emotional symptoms during the menopause, including hot flushes, mood swings and loss of libido, managing these symptoms can be a complex task. Managing the Menopause is a highly practical, evidence-based reference, covering all forms of management in detail. Providing guidance on prescribing, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various products and therapies, particular emphasis is given to addressing concerns over the long-term complications of Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) use. The book contains new chapters on nutrition, ovarian tissue cryopreservation and migraine in the menopause and previous chapters have been fully updated to inform readers of the latest research. Treatment plans are included in the text, helping clinicians to support their patients quickly and effectively. A comprehensive review of the menopause that is easily understood at all levels, this is an essential guide for clinicians.
Introduction: CTAS is a validated five-level triage score utilized in EDs across Canada and internationally. Moderate interrater reliability between prehospital paramedic and triage nurse application of CTAS during clinical practice has been found. This study is the first assessment of the variation in distribution of CTAS scores with increasing departmental pressure as measured by the NEDOCs scale comparing triage allocations made by triage nurses with those made by triage paramedics. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study of EDIS data of all patients triaged in the Halifax Infirmary Emergency Department from January 1, 2017-May 30, 2017 and January 1, 2018 - May 30, 2018. CTAS score assignment by nursing and paramedic triage staff were compared with increasing levels of ED overcrowding, as determined by the department NEDOCS score. Results: Nurses were more likely to assign higher acuity scores in all situations of department crowding; there was a 3% increased probability that a nurse, as compared to a paramedic, would triage as emergent when the ED was not overcrowded (Pearson chi-square(1) = 4.21, p < 0.05, Cramer's v = 0.028, n = 5314), and a 10% increased probability that a nurse, as compared to a paramedic, would triage a patient as emergent when EDs were overcrowded (Pearson chi-square(1) = 623.83, p < 0.001, Cramer's v = 0.11, n = 56 018). Conclusion: Increasing levels of ED overcrowding influence triage nurse CTAS score assignment towards higher acuity to a greater degree than scores assigned by triage paramedics.
Male factor infertility is receiving greater emphasis in IVF programs. This book reviews the scientific evidence for various medical, environmental and lifestyle factors that can affect male fertility, such as chromosome abnormalities, age, anti-sperm antibodies and endocrine disruptors. Part of a four-book series on improving IVF success, this volume subsequently explores a range of treatments and strategies to improve sperm quality, including FSH treatment and antioxidants. It also discusses methods to prevent male infertility from childhood through to adulthood. Concise, practical and evidence-based - and with insights from global experts in the field - this text will enable gynecologists, urologists and andrologists to make evidence-based decisions that can influence the success rate of fertilization in subsequent IVF cycles.
Up to the 1980s the ability to treat couples with male subfertility was limited. Treatable conditions included gonadotrophin therapy for men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (which is estimated to be present in 1 in 200 infertile men), and the treatment of autoimmunity with high dose steroids with its side effects and complications (i.e. avascular necrosis of the head of the femur) [1].