“Flipped learning” has become increasingly popular in medical education as a means of developing independent learning skills in students. The article by Zheng at al. (2020) highlights the potential utility of this approach in disaster triage training. However, the article also highlights to us some concerns regarding how “flipped learning” may favor certain learners over others in the provision of disaster triage education. Specifically, the article demonstrates the necessity for increased preclassroom preparation when a “flipped classroom” model is used, which inevitably privileges those with a higher ability to engage with self-directed learning. Although such a skill is important to develop in medical education, we fear it may lead to polarized student attainment rather than ensuring a maximum number of students achieve the requisite standard required. More research is consequently needed to inform the most efficacious means of facilitating disaster triage training that supports all students sufficiently, while also helping to nurture their independent learning skills.

The investigation of dioxin formation mechanisms demonstrated that most part of PCDD/F formation occurs in the sinter mix during the sintering operation. This result has a direct impact on abatement strategies of PCDD/F: use ot inhibitors added in the sinter feed and study of the impact of raw materials. Trials carried out on the IRSID pilot pot and on the Charleroi sinter strand have shown that urea addition could be a promising method to reduce pollutant emissions at the sinter strand main stack: PCDD/Fs (about - 50%) and SO2.

Irsid and DCPR from Nancy present an investigation on the generation and the abatement of organic molecules in the flue gas of an electric arc furnace. Investigated in detail are the environmental cleanliness of scrap, the mixed pyrolysis and combustion that generates these molecules, the solution to destroy them completely that a perfect post-combustion offers, as demonstrated in the laboratory and as extrapolated for industrial scale, and the condensation of dioxines in the flue gas collection system.