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3 - From Hitler's Champion to German of the Century: On the Representation and Reinvention of Max Schmeling

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2013

Jon Hughes
Affiliation:
Swansea University
Pól O Dochartaigh
Affiliation:
University of Ulster
Christiane Schönfeld
Affiliation:
University of Limerick
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Summary

Modern sport, as an area of intense popular interest, commercial investment, and, on occasion, political resonance, has produced innumerable “legendary” figures, personalities whose achievements are invested with what Joyce Carol Oates refers to as “mythopoetic” status: “To be a great champion, like Muhammad Ali, one must transcend the perimeters of sport itself to become a model (in some cases a sacrificial model) for the general populace, image-bearer for an era.” Muhammad Ali is certainly one of the best examples of this phenomenon; this article will scrutinize another. The former boxer Max Schmeling (1905–2005), though he was at his athletic peak in the 1920s and 1930s (he was the first German world champion, a title he held between 1930 and 1932), remained both prominent and admired in the Federal Republic after the war, and retained this status even at an advanced age in a reunified Germany. He seems to have represented both success in sport and in his private life, and to have been admired for qualities of character and ethics. The particular combination allowed him to be perceived as a role model for successive generations of Germans, and reflects the double bind experienced by many Germans as they sought to negotiate a path between the crimes of the past and a successful future. Schmeling's exemplary status derived from a life that, on the one hand, seemed to display demonstrable selflessness and, on the other, to have been shaped by a single-minded drive to succeed. “Goodness” was an essential condition of this “greatness,” but, as this essay will argue, it is inseparable from the conspicuous success he enjoyed; indeed, Schmeling became a model German, in the era of West Germany’s economic miracle and postwar recovery, by reconciling the potential conflict between moral qualities and the will to succeed.

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Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2013

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