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Hospital-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections in Québec: Impact of Guidelines

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2017

Lynne Li ,
Elise Fortin ,
Claude Tremblay ,
Muleka Ngenda-Muadi ,
Christophe Garenc ,
Danielle Moisan ,
Jasmin Villeneuve ,
Caroline Quach  and
for SPIN-BACC and SPIN-SARM
Lynne Li
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University
Elise Fortin
Affiliation:
Direction des risques biologiques et de la santé au travail, Institut national de santé publique du Québec
Claude Tremblay
Affiliation:
Direction des risques biologiques et de la santé au travail, Institut national de santé publique du Québec Department of Medical Microbiology, CHU de Québec
Muleka Ngenda-Muadi
Affiliation:
Direction des risques biologiques et de la santé au travail, Institut national de santé publique du Québec
Christophe Garenc
Affiliation:
Direction des risques biologiques et de la santé au travail, Institut national de santé publique du Québec Department of Medical Microbiology, CHU de Québec
Danielle Moisan
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Microbiology, CSSS Rivière-du-Loup
Jasmin Villeneuve
Affiliation:
Direction des risques biologiques et de la santé au travail, Institut national de santé publique du Québec
Caroline Quach*
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University Direction des risques biologiques et de la santé au travail, Institut national de santé publique du Québec Infection Prevention & Control Unit, CHU Sainte-Justine Department of Microbiology, Infectious Disease, and Immunology, University of Montreal
*
Address correspondence to Caroline Quach, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 ch. de la Côte Ste-Catherine, Bureau B.17.102, Montréal (QC) H3T1C5 (c.quach@umontreal.ca).
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE

We examined the impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) guidelines in Québec adult hospitals from January 1, 2006, to March 31, 2015, by examining the incidence rate reduction (IRR) in healthcare-associated MRSA bloodstream infections (HA-MRSA), using central-line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) as a comparator.

METHODS

In this study, we utilized a quasi-experimental design with Poisson segmented regression to model HA-MRSA and CLABSI incidence for successive 4-week surveillance segments, stratified by teaching status. We used 3 distinct periods with 2 break points (April 1, 2007, and January 3, 2010) corresponding to major MRSA guideline publications and updates.

RESULTS

Over the study period, HA-MRSA incidence decreased significantly in adult teaching facilities but not in nonteaching facilities. Prior to MRSA guideline publication (2006–2007), HA-MRSA incidence decrease was not significant (P=.89), while CLABSI incidence decreased by 4% per 4-week period (P=.05). After the publication of guidelines (2007–2009), HA-MRSA incidence decreased significantly by 1% (P=.04), while no significant decrease in CLABSI incidence was observed (P=.75). HA-MRSA and CLABSI decreases were both significant at 1% for 2010–2015 (P<.001 and P=.01, respectively). These decreases were gradual rather than sudden; break points were not significant. Teaching facilities drove these decreases.

CONCLUSION

During the study period, HA-MRSA and CLABSI rates decreased significantly. In 2007–2009, the significant decrease in HA-MRSA rates with stable CLABSI rates suggests an impact from MRSA-specific guidelines. In 2010–2015, significant and equal IRRs for HA-MRSA and CLABSI may be due to the continuing impact of MRSA guidelines, to the impact of new interventions targeting device-associated infections in general by the 2010–2015 Action Plan, or to a combination of factors.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:840–847

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 38 , Issue 7 , July 2017 , pp. 840 - 847
Copyright
© 2017 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved 

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Footnotes

a

Authors with equal contribution.

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