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Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157: epidemiology and ecology in bovine production environments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

David G. Renter  and
Jan M. Sargeant
David G. Renter*
Affiliation:
Food Animal Health and Management Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
Jan M. Sargeant
Affiliation:
Food Animal Health and Management Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
*
*Corresponding author: Agri-Food Surveillance Systems Branch, Alberta Agriculture, First floor, O.S. Longman Building, 6909–116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6H 4P2 E-mail: David.Renter@gov.ab.ca
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Abstract

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, particularly the O157(:H7) serogroup, has become a worldwide public health concern. Since cattle feces are often implicated as the source of E. coli O157 in human infections, considerable resources have been devoted to defining the epidemiology and ecology of E. coli O157 in cattle environments so that control might begin at the farm level. Diagnostic limitations and the complexity of often interrelated microbial, animal, herd, environmental and production factors have hindered the determination of the epidemiology, ecology and subsequent farm-level control of E. coli O157. The widespread distribution of E. coli O157, the transitory nature of fecal shedding, multiple potential environmental sources, lack of species specificity, and age-, feed- and time-related differences in cattle prevalence are documented. However, the significance and/or role of these factors in the epidemiology and ecology of E. coli O157 is still unclear. Cattle are a major source of E. coli O157, but it may be simplistic to believe that most herds are relatively closed systems with small percentages of cattle serving as true reservoirs. Practical on-farm control may require explicit definitions of the seemingly complex system(s) and the microbial, animal, herd, environmental and production factors involved in the multiplication, maintenance and transmission of E. coli O157.

Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , December 2002 , pp. 83 - 94
Copyright
Copyright © CAB International 2002

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