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Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control in postharvest wheat stubble in the Central Great Plains

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 August 2021

Vipan Kumar Open the ORCID record for Vipan Kumar [Opens in a new window] ,
Rui Liu ,
Amit J. Jhala ,
Prashant Jha  and
Misha Manuchehri
Vipan Kumar*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center, Hays, KS, USA
Rui Liu
Affiliation:
Assistant Scientist, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center, Hays, KS, USA
Amit J. Jhala
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Lincoln, NE, USA
Prashant Jha
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Iowa State University, Department of Agronomy, Ames, IA, USA
Misha Manuchehri
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Oklahoma State University, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Stillwater, OK, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Vipan Kumar, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center, 1232 240th Avenue, Hays, KS67601 Email: vkumar@ksu.edu
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Abstract

Late-season control of Palmer amaranth in postharvest wheat stubble is important for reducing the seedbank. Our objectives were to evaluate the efficacy of late-season postemergence herbicides for Palmer amaranth control, shoot dry biomass, and seed production in postharvest wheat stubble. Field experiments were conducted at Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center near Hays, KS, during 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. The study site had a natural seedbank of Palmer amaranth. Herbicide treatments were applied 3 wk after wheat harvest when Palmer amaranth plants had reached the inflorescence initiation stage. Palmer amaranth was controlled by 96% to 98% 8 wk after treatment and shoot biomass as well as seed production was prevented when paraquat was applied alone or when mixed with atrazine, metribuzin, flumioxazin, 2,4-D, sulfentrazone, pyroxasulfone + sulfentrazone, or flumioxazin + metribuzin, and with glyphosate + dicamba, glyphosate + 2,4-D, saflufenacil + 2,4-D, glufosinate + dicamba + glyphosate, and glufosinate + 2,4-D + glyphosate. Palmer amaranth was controlled by 89% to 93% with application of glyphosate, glufosinate, dicamba + 2,4-D, saflufenacil + atrazine, and saflufenacil + metribuzin resulting in Palmer amaranth shoot biomass of 15 to 56 g m−2 and production of 1,080 to 7,040 seeds m−2. Palmer amaranth control was less than 86% with application of dicamba, 2,4-D, dicamba + atrazine, and saflufenacil resulting in Palmer amaranth shoot biomass of 38 to 47 g m−2 and production of 3,110 to 6,190 seeds m−2. Palmer amaranth was controlled 63% and 72%, shoot biomass was 178 and 161 g m−2, and seed production was 35,180 and 39,510 seeds m−2, respectively, with application of 2,4-D + bromoxynil + fluroxypyr, and bromoxynil + pyrasulfotole + atrazine. Growers should use these effective postemergence herbicide mixes for Palmer amaranth control to prevent seed prevention postharvest in wheat stubble.

Keywords

Atrazinebromoxynildicambaflumioxazinfluroxypyrglufosinateglyphosatemetribuzinparaquatpyrasulfotolepyroxasulfonesaflufenacilsulfentrazone24-DwheatTriticum aestivum L.Palmer amaranthAmaranthus palmeri S. WatsonHerbicide programslate-seasonseed productionshoot biomass
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 35 , Issue 6 , December 2021 , pp. 945 - 949
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Drew Lyon, Washington State University

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