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Magma chamber evolution of the Ardestan pluton, Central Iran: evidence from mineral chemistry, zircon composition and crystal size distribution

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2019

Shahrouz Babazadeh ,
Tanya Furman Open the ORCID record for Tanya Furman [Opens in a new window] ,
John M. Cottle ,
Davood Raeisi  and
Ianna Lima
Shahrouz Babazadeh
Affiliation:
Research Institute for Earth Sciences, Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran13185-1494, Iran
Tanya Furman*
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802, USA
John M. Cottle
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Science University of California, Santa Barbara, CA93106-9630, USA
Davood Raeisi
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155-64155, Iran
Ianna Lima
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802, USA Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
*
*Author for correspondence: Tanya Furman, Email: furman@psu.edu
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Abstract

The Oligo–Miocene Ardestan quartz diorite to tonalite is part of widespread Cenozoic magmatism within the Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Assemblage of Iran. The Ardestan pluton is composed mainly of varying proportions of plagioclase feldspar (normally zoned from bytownite to andesine), amphibole (magnesio-hornblende) and biotite. Biotite exhibits a range of Al values (~2–2.8 apfu) over very restricted Fe# ratios (0.42–0.56) which are characteristic of continental arc magmatic suites. High Ti2O contents of biotite (<6.1 wt.%) suggest a magmatic origin. Ti-in-biotite geothermometery gives a mean crystallisation temperature of 730 ± 56°C, slightly higher than calculated TZr.Ti°C (716 ± 50°C) and similar to the average TZr.sat°C (735 ± 26°C). These results are consistent with the low bulk-rock SiO2 contents, which provide minimum estimates of temperature and indicate zircon crystallised from a fractionated magma. Zircons from the Ardestan pluton have high (Sm/La)N (>10) ratios suggesting a magmatic origin. T–$f_{{\rm O}_{\rm 2}}$ calculations of oxygen fugacity between –13.6 to –16.9 indicate oxidising crystallisation conditions between the Ni–NiO (NNO) and Fe2O3–Fe3O4 (HM) buffers. Tight linear trends of log (XF/XOH), log (XCl/XOH) and log (XCl/XOH) vs. XMg represent a narrow range of $f_{{\rm H}_2O}$, fHF and fHCl, clearly indicating that physico-chemical conditions were essentially constant throughout the formation of magmatic biotite. The shape of crystal size distribution curves along with the medium Al and Mg contents in amphibole and biotite, respectively, are consistent with a history of magma mixing involving injections of basic magma into the evolving felsic chamber. Calculated residence time for Ardestan plagioclase crystals of ~630 years support field evidence that these plutons were emplaced at shallow depths.

Keywords

Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic AssemblageTZr.sat.°CTZr.Ti°Ccrystal size distributionmagma mixing
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 83 , Issue 6 , December 2019 , pp. 763 - 780
Copyright
Copyright © Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2019

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Ian Coulson

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