Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T10:49:30.368Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

‘His death belongs to them’: an Edwardsean participatory model of atonement

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 February 2017

JONATHAN HILL*
Affiliation:
Department of Theology and Religious Studies, University of Exeter, Amory Building, Rennes Drive, Exeter EX4 4RJ, UK

Abstract

The Participatory Model of Atonement (PMA) offers an alternative view of Christian salvation, drawing on Pauline theology. It conceives of sin as a contagion which can usually be escaped only by dying. By ‘participating’ in Christ's death, the believer can escape its effects without having to die. This notion of ‘participation’ is obscure. I consider a possible way of clarifying it using metaphysical ideas taken from Jonathan Edwards. ‘Participation’ might involve becoming similar to Christ through the action of the Holy Spirit, to such a degree that a person might be called identical (in some sense) with Christ.

Type
Original Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aspenson, S. (1990) ‘In defense of Anselm’, History of Philosophy Quarterly, 7, 3345.Google Scholar
Aulén, G. (1931) Christus Victor (London: SPCK).Google Scholar
Bayne, T. & Restall, G. (2009) ‘A participatory model of the atonement’, in Nagasawa & Wielenberg (2009), 150–166.Google Scholar
Borgen, P. (1986) ‘God's agent in the Fourth Gospel’, in Ashton, J. (ed.) The Interpretation of John (Philadelphia PA: Fortress), 6778.Google Scholar
Brown, D. (2006) ‘Anselm on atonement’, in Davies & Leftow (2006), 279–302.Google Scholar
Brümmer, V. (1992) ‘Atonement and reconciliation’, Religious Studies, 28, 435452.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chisholm, R. (1976) Person and Object (London: Allen & Unwin).Google Scholar
Crisp, O. (2005) Jonathan Edwards and the Metaphysics of Sin (Aldershot: Ashgate).Google Scholar
Crisp, O. (2008) ‘Penal non-substitution’, Journal of Theological Studies, 59, 140168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crisp, O. (2009a) A Reader in Contemporary Philosophical Theology (London & New York: Clark).Google Scholar
Crisp, O. (2009b) ‘Original sin and atonement’, in Flint & Rea (2009), 430–451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crisp, O. (2011a) ‘Compositional christology without Nestorianism’, in Marmodoro & Hill (2011), 45–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crisp, O. (2011b) Revisioning Christology: Theology in the Reformed Tradition (Aldershot: Ashgate).Google Scholar
Crisp, O. (2012) Jonathan Edwards on God and Creation (Oxford: Oxford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cross, R. (2002) ‘Gregory of Nyssa on universals’, Vigiliae Christianae, 56, 372410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daley, B. (2002) ‘Nature and the “mode of union”: late patristic models for the personal unity of Christ’, in Davis, Kendall, & O'Collins (2002), 164–196.Google Scholar
Davies, B. & Leftow, B. (eds) (2006) The Cambridge Companion to Anselm (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Davis, S., Kendall, S., & O'Collins, G. (eds) (2002) The Incarnation: An Interdisciplinary Symposium on the Incarnation of the Son of God (Oxford: Oxford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunn, J. (1998) The Theology of Paul the Apostle (Edinburgh: Clark).Google Scholar
Edwards, J. (1957–2008) The Works of Jonathan Edwards, 73 vols, various eds (New Haven CT: Yale University Press).Google Scholar
Fiddes, P. (1989) Past Event and Present Salvation (London: Darton, Longman & Todd).Google Scholar
Finch, J. (2010) ‘Athanasius on the deifying work of the Redeemer’, in Finlan and Kharmalov (2010), 104–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finlan, S. & Kharmalov, V. (eds) (2010) Theosis: Deification in Christian Theology (Cambridge: Clarke).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flint, T. & Rea, M. (eds) (2009) The Oxford Handbook of Philosophical Theology (Oxford: Oxford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geach, P. (1967–1968) ‘Identity’, Review of Metaphysics, 21, 312.Google Scholar
Graham, G. (2010) ‘Atonement’, in Taliaferro & Meister (2010), 124–135.Google Scholar
Griffin, N. (1977) Relative Identity (Oxford: Clarendon).Google Scholar
Gunton, C. (1988) The Actuality of Atonement (Edinburgh: Clark).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, S. M. (2013) ‘Jonathan Edwards on the atonement’, International Journal of Systematic Theology, 15, 394415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, S. M. (2015) ‘Jonathan Edwards, Anselmic satisfaction and God's moral government’, International Journal of Systematic Theology, 17, 4667.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hart, T. (1989) ‘Irenaeus, recapitulation and physical redemption’, in Hart, T. & Thimell, D. (eds) Christ in our Place: The Humanity of God in Christ for the Reconciliation of the World (Exeter: Paternoster), 152181.Google Scholar
Hastings, A., Mason, A., & Pyper, H. (eds) (2000) The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought (Oxford: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Hastings, W. R. (2005) ‘“Honouring the Spirit”: analysis and evaluation of Jonathan Edwards’ pneumatological doctrine of the incarnation’, International Journal of Systematic Theology, 7, 279299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Helm, P. (1997) Faith and Understanding (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press).Google Scholar
Helm, P. (2003) ‘A forensic dilemma: John Locke and Jonathan Edwards on personal identity’, in Helm & Crisp (2003), 45–59.Google Scholar
Helm, P. & Crisp, O. (eds) (2003) Jonathan Edwards: Philosophical Theologian (Aldershot: Ashgate).Google Scholar
Hick, J. (1993) The Metaphor of God Incarnate (London: SCM).Google Scholar
Holifield, E. B. (2006) ‘Edwards as theologian’, in Stein (2006), 144–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, S. (2005) ‘Can punishment bring peace? Penal substitution revisited’, Scottish Journal of Theology, 58, 104123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hooker, M. (2000) ‘Paul’, in Hastings, Mason, & Pyper (2000), 521–524.Google Scholar
Hudson, H. (2014) The Fall and Hypertime (Oxford: Oxford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, J. N. D. (1978) Early Christian Doctrines, rev. ed. (New York: Harper & Row).Google Scholar
Leftow, B. (2002) ‘A timeless God incarnate’, in Davis, Kendall, & O'Collins (2002), 273–299.Google Scholar
Leftow, B. (2011) ‘The humanity of God’ in Marmodoro & Hill (2011), 20–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, C. S. (1952) Mere Christianity (London: Bles).Google Scholar
Lewis, D. (2009 [1997]) ‘Do we believe in penal substitution?’, in Crisp (2009a), 328–334.Google Scholar
Loader, W. (1992) The Christology of the Fourth Gospel: Structure and Issues (Frankfurt am Main; Bern; New York; Paris: Lang).Google Scholar
Marmodoro, A. & Hill, J. (2010) ‘Composition models of the incarnation: unity and unifying relations’, Religious Studies, 46, 469488.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marmodoro, A. & Hill, J. (eds) (2011) The Metaphysics of the Incarnation (Oxford: Oxford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McClymond, M. (2003) ‘Salvation as divinization: Jonathan Edwards, Gregory Palamas and the theological uses of Neoplatonism’, in Helm & Crisp (2003), 139–160.Google Scholar
McClymond, M. & McDermott, G. (2012) The Theology of Jonathan Edwards (Oxford: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Morris, T. (ed.) (1988) Philosophy and the Christian Faith (Notre Dame IN: University of Notre Dame Press).Google Scholar
Mulcahy, E. (2007) The Cause of Our Salvation (Rome: Gregorian University).Google Scholar
Nagasawa, Y. & Wielenberg, E. (eds) (2009) New Waves in Philosophy of Religion (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan).Google Scholar
Padgett, A. (ed.) (1994) Reason and the Christian Religion: Essays in Honour of Richard Swinburne (Oxford: Clarendon).Google Scholar
Pauw, A. (2002) The Supreme Harmony of All: the Trinitarian Theology of Jonathan Edwards (Grand Rapids MI: Eerdmans).Google Scholar
Plantinga, A. (1999) ‘On heresy, mind and truth’, Faith and Philosophy, 16, 182193.Google Scholar
Quinn, P. (2009 [1993]) ‘Abelard on atonement: “Nothing unintelligible, arbitrary, illogical, or immoral about it” ’, in Crisp (2009a), 335–353.Google Scholar
Rashdall, H. (1919) The Idea of Atonement in Christian Theology (London: Macmillan).Google Scholar
Rea, M. (2007) ‘The metaphysics of original sin’, in van Inwagen & Zimmerman (2007), 319–356.Google Scholar
Rea, M. (2009) ‘The Trinity’, in Flint & Rea (2009), 689–735.Google Scholar
Ritschl, A. (1872) A Critical History of the Christian Doctrine of Justification and Reconciliation (London: Hamilton & Adams).Google Scholar
Rudisill, D. (1971) The Doctrine of the Atonement in Jonathan Edwards and his Successors (New York: Poseidon).Google Scholar
Russell, N. (2004) The Doctrine of Deification in the Greek Patristic Tradition (Oxford: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Sanders, E. P. (1977) Paul and Palestinian Judaism (London: SCM).Google Scholar
Sider, T. (2001) Four-Dimensionalism: An Ontology of Persistence and Time (Oxford: Oxford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stein, S. (ed.) (2006) The Cambridge Companion to Jonathan Edwards (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stott, J. (1986) The Cross of Christ (Downers Grove IL: IVP).Google Scholar
Strobel, K. (2013) Jonathan Edwards's Theology: A Reinterpretation (London: Clark).Google Scholar
Stump, E. (1988) ‘Atonement according to Aquinas’, in Morris (1988), 61–91.Google Scholar
Stump, E. (2002) ‘Aquinas’ metaphysics of the incarnation’, in Davis, Kendall, & O'Collins (2002), 197–218.Google Scholar
Swinburne, R. (1988) ‘The Christian scheme of salvation’, in Morris (1988), 15–30.Google Scholar
Sykes, S. (1997) The Story of Atonement (London: Darton, Longman, & Todd).Google Scholar
Taliaferro, C. & Meister, C. (eds) The Cambridge Companion to Christian Philosophical Theology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanner, N. (ed.) (1990) Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils (London: Sheed & Ward; Washington DC: Georgetown University Press).Google Scholar
Thompson, M. (2001) The God of the Gospel of John (Grand Rapids MI: Eerdmans).Google Scholar
Tidball, D., Hilborn, D., & Thacker, J. (eds) (2008) The Atonement Debate (Grand Rapids MI: Zondervan).Google Scholar
Torrance, I. (1993) Christology after Chalcedon: Severus of Antioch and Sergius the Monophysite (Norwich: Canterbury).Google Scholar
Turner, H. (2004) The Patristic Doctrine of Redemption (London: Wipf & Stock).Google Scholar
van Inwagen, P. (1988) ‘And yet they are not three Gods but one God’, in Morris (1988), 241–278.Google Scholar
van Inwagen, P. (1994) ‘Not by confusion of substance, but by unity of person’, in Padgett (1994), 201–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Inwagen, P. & Zimmerman, D. (eds) (2007) Persons: Human and Divine (Oxford: Oxford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weaver, J. D. (2001) The Nonviolent Atonement (Grand Rapids MI: Eerdmans).Google Scholar
White, V. (1991) Atonement and Incarnation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Withrow, B. (2011) Becoming Divine: Jonathan Edwards's Incarnational Spirituality within the Christian Tradition (Eugene OR: Wipf & Stock).Google Scholar
Zachhuber, J. (2013) ‘Universals in the Greek church fathers’, in Chiaradonna, R. & Galluzzo, G. (eds) Universals in Ancient Philosophy (Pisa: Edizione della Normale), 425470.Google Scholar