Using a combined dominant condition, we obtain general results concerning the complex oscillation for a class of homogeneous linear differential equations w(k) + + … + A1w′ + (A0 + A)w = 0 with k ≥ 2, which has been investigated by many authors. In particular, we discover that there exists a unique case that possesses k linearly independent zero-free solutions for these equations, and we resolve an open problem and simultaneously answer a question of Bank.

We consider some new types of realization problem for obstructions in the Browder-Livesay groups by homotopy equivalences of closed manifold pairs. We give several examples of calculations. We also consider relations with classical surgery problems.

We consider faithful finitary linear representations of (generalized) wreath products A wrΩH of groups A by H over (potentially) infinite-dimensional vector spaces, having previously considered completely reducible such representations in an earlier paper. The simpler the structure of A the more complex, it seems, these representations can become. If A has no non-trivial abelian normal subgroups, the conditions we present are both necessary and sufficient. They imply, for example, that for such an A, if there exists such a representation of the standard wreath product A wr H of infinite dimension, then there already exists one of finite dimension.

In the first part of the paper we prove several results on the existence of invariant closed ideals for semigroups of bounded operators on a normed Riesz space (of dimension greater than 1) possessing an atom. For instance, if S is a multiplicative semigroup of positive operators on such space that are locally quasinilpotent at the same atom, then S has a non-trivial invariant closed ideal. Furthermore, if T is a non-zero positive operator that is quasinilpotent at an atom and if S is a multiplicative semigroup of positive operators such that TS ≤ ST for all S ∈ S, then S and T have a common non-trivial invariant closed ideal. We also give a simple example of a quasinilpotent compact positive operator on the Banach lattice l∞ with no non-trivial invariant band.

The second part is devoted to the triangularizability of collections of operators on an atomic normed Riesz space L. For a semigroup S of quasinilpotent, order continuous, positive, bounded operators on L we determine a chain of invariant closed bands. If, in addition, L has order continuous norm, then this chain is maximal in the lattice of all closed subspaces of L.

Let Δ be the Laplace operator on ℝd and 1 < δ < 2. Using transference methods we show that, for max {q, q/(q – 1)} < 4d/(2d + 1 – δ), the maximal function for the Schrödinger group is in Lq, for f ∈ Lq with Δδ/2f ∈Lq. We obtain a similar result for the Airy group exp it Δ3/2. An abstract version of these results is obtained for bounded C0-groups eitL on subspaces of Lp spaces. Certain results extend to maximal functions defined for functions with values in U M D Banach spaces.

Let (A, m) be a Noetherian local ring such that the residue field A/m is infinite. Let I be arbitrary ideal in A, and M a finitely generated A-module. We denote by ℓ(I, M) the Krull dimension of the graded module ⊕n≥0InM/mInM over the associated graded ring of I. Notice that ℓ(I, A) is just the analytic spread of I. In this paper, we define, for 0 ≤ i ≤ ℓ = ℓ(I, M), certain elements ei(I, M) in the Grothendieck group K0(A/I) that suitably generalize the notion of the coefficients of Hilbert polynomial for m-primary ideals. In particular, we show that the top term eℓ (I, M), which is denoted by eI(M), enjoys the same properties as the ordinary multiplicity of M with respect to an m-primary ideal.

The Abel and Cesàro summabilities of two alternating gap series are investigated. We prove that the series is summable at x = 1 (in both senses), but that is not. In 1907, Hardy obtained essentially the same result for the latter series; our proof is shorter and more elementary: we use the Poisson summation formula to derive an explicit estimate for the size of the oscillations as x → 1_. This represents an example of a general method for determining the Abel summability of similar series.

In this paper we use the Leray–Schauder continuation method to study the existence of solutions for semilinear differential equations Lu + g(x, u) = h, in which the linear operator L on L2(Ω) may be non-self-adjoint, the L2(Ω)-function h belongs to N⊥(L), the nonlinear term g(x, u) ∈ O(|u|α) as |u| → ∞ for some 0 ≤ α < 1 and satisfies

for all v ∈ N(L) – {0}, where and

Let F = GF(q). To any polynomial G ∈ F[x] there is associated a mapping Ĝ on the set IF of monic irreducible polynomials over F. We present a natural and effective theory of the dynamics of Ĝ for the case in which G is a monic q-linearized polynomial. The main outcome is the following theorem.

Assume that G is not of the form , where l ≥ 0 (in which event the dynamics is trivial). Then, for every integer n ≥ 1 and for every integer k ≥ 0, there exist infinitely many μ ∈ IF. having preperiod k and primitive period n with respect to Ĝ.

Previously, Morton, by somewhat different means, had studied the primitive periods of Ĝ when G = xq – ax, α a non-zero element of F. Our theorem extends and generalizes Morton's result. Moreover, it establishes a conjecture of Morton for the class of q-linearized polynomials.

A graph Γ is said to be locally primitive if, for each vertex α, the stabilizer in Aut Γ of α induces a primitive permutation group on the set of vertices adjacent to α. In 1978, Richard Weiss conjectured that for a finite vertex-transitive locally primitive graph Γ, the number of automorphisms fixing a given vertex is bounded above by some function of the valency of Γ. In this paper we prove that the conjecture is true for finite non-bipartite graphsprovided that it is true in the case in which Aut Γ contains a locally primitive subgroup that is almost simple.

We describe the linear surjective isometries between various subalgebras of uniformly continuous bounded functions defined on closed subsets of Banach spaces.

Restrictions are given on the dimensions m and k for which there is a map f: ℝ m → ℝk whose Jacobian has rank k in a neighbourhood of a singular point if f is either quadratic or even. The restrictions are shown to be best possible in the quadratic case.

In this paper we shall employ the nonlinear alternative of Leray–Schauder and known sign properties of a related Green's function to establish the existence results for the nth-order discrete focal boundary-value problem. Both the singular and non-singular cases will be discussed.

Let θ be an irrational number in (0,1) and f a real-valued continuous function on the 1-torus T. Letφθ, f be a Furstenberg transformation on the 2-torus T2 defined by for any (t, s) ∈ T2, where ρ is a non-zero integer, and we identify a function on T or T2 with a function on R or R2 with period 1, respectively. Let Aθ, f be the crossed product associated with φθ, f. In this paper we wiil compute the positive cone of the K0-group of Aθ, f.

We show that if a group G has a finite complete rewriting system, and if H is a subgroup of G with |G : H| = n, then H * Fn–1 also has a finite complete rewriting system (where Fn–1 is the free group of rank n – 1).

We show that the zeta function of a regular graph admits a representation as a quotient of a determinant over a L2-determinant of the combinatorial Laplacian.

We characterize those commuting pairs of operators on Hubert space that have the symmetrized bidisc as a spectral set in terms of the positivity of a hermitian operator pencil (without any assumption about the joint spectrum of the pair). Further equivalent conditions are that the pair has a normal dilation to the distinguished boundary of the symmetrized bidisc, and that the pair has the symmetrized bidisc as a complete spectral set. A consequence is that every contractive representation of the operator algebra A(Γ) of continuous functions on the symmetrized bidisc analytic in the interior is completely contractive. The proofs depend on a polynomial identity that is derived with the aid of a realization formula for doubly symmetric hereditary polynomials, which are positive on commuting pairs of contractions.

An old question of Brauer that asks how fast numbers of conjugacy classes grow is investigated by considering the least number cn of conjugacy classes in a group of order 2n. The numbers cn are computed for n ≤ 14 and a lower bound is given for c15. It is observed that cn grows very slowly except for occasional large jumps corresponding to an increase in coclass of the minimal groups Gn. Restricting to groups that are 2-generated or have coclass at most 3 allows us to extend these computations.