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Influence of the serotonin transporter gene polymorphism, cannabis and childhood sexual abuse on phenotype of bipolar disorder: A preliminary study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

M. De Pradier ,
P. Gorwood ,
B. Beaufils ,
J. Adès  and
C. Dubertret
M. De Pradier
Affiliation:
Inserm U675-U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France Department of Psychiatry, Louis-Mourier Hospital, AP–HP, Colombes, France Faculty of Medicine, University Paris 7 Denis-Diderot, Paris, France
P. Gorwood
Affiliation:
Inserm U675-U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France Department of Psychiatry, Louis-Mourier Hospital, AP–HP, Colombes, France
B. Beaufils
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University Paris 5 René Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, Corenthin Celton Hospital, AP–HP, Issy-les-Moulineaux cedex, France
J. Adès
Affiliation:
Inserm U675-U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France Department of Psychiatry, Louis-Mourier Hospital, AP–HP, Colombes, France Faculty of Medicine, University Paris 7 Denis-Diderot, Paris, France
C. Dubertret*
Affiliation:
Inserm U675-U894, Center of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France Department of Psychiatry, Louis-Mourier Hospital, AP–HP, Colombes, France Faculty of Medicine, University Paris 7 Denis-Diderot, Paris, France
*
*Corresponding author. Service de psychiatrie adulte, hôpital Louis-Mourier, 178, rue des Renouillers, 92701 Colombes, France. Tel.: +33 1 47 60 64 16; fax: +33 1 47 60 67 40. E-mail addresses: caroline.dubertret@lmr.ap-hop-paris.fr (C. Dubertret).
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Abstract

Objective

The gene coding for the 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) is considered as a candidate gene for bipolar disorder, either as a “vulnerability” or as a “modifying the phenotype” gene. Psychotic symptoms occur at least once in one bipolar patient out of two, the relevant risk factors being insufficiently understood. The gene × environment interaction approach offers the opportunity to disentangle the latter, including childhood sexual abuse and cannabis abuse.

Methods

We investigated the 5-HTTLPR of the 5-HTT gene (G) and the presence of childhood sexual abuse and cannabis comorbidity (E) in 137 bipolar patients with (versus without) lifetime psychotic symptoms.

Results

The short allele and cannabis abuse were significantly more frequent among patients with psychotic symptoms than in those without (p = 0.01 and p = 0.004, respectively), while childhood sexual abuse was not. Complex interactions were found between presence of the short allele, cannabis abuse or dependence and childhood sexual abuse.

Conclusions

The short allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of the 5-HTT gene was a risk factor for psychotic symptoms in bipolar disorder in the present sample, directly but also indirectly, through the presence of cannabis abuse or dependence, as an exacerbating factor heightening psychotic symptoms.

Keywords

Bipolar disorderPsychotic phenotype5-HTT geneChildhood sexual abuseCannabis abuse or dependence
Type
Psychiatric Genetics
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 25 , Issue 6 , October 2010 , pp. 323 - 327
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2010

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