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Contingent Democrats: Industrialists, Labor, and Democratization in Late-Developing Countries
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 June 2011
Abstract
Many classic works of political economy have identified capital and labor as the champions of democratization during the first wave of transition. By contrast, this article argues for the contingent nature of capital and labor's support for democracy, especially in the context of late development. The article offers a theory of democratic contingency, proposing that a few variables, namely, state dependence, aristocratic privilege, and social fear account for much of the variation found in class support for democratization both across and within cases. Conditions associated with late development make capital and labor especially prone to diffidence about democratization. But such diffidence is subject to change, especially under the impact of international economic integration, poverty-reducing social welfare policies, and economic growth that is widely shared. Case material from Korea, Indonesia, Mexico, Zambia, Brazil, Tunisia and other countries is offered as evidence.
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References
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77 Wage comparison was made with workers in Europe and the U.S., not Bangladesh.
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95 See Marsha Pripstein, “Egypt's New Labor Law Removes Worker Provisions,” Middle East Re port (May-August 1995), 52–53.
94 Bianchi anticipated this development as early as the mid-1980s. See Bianchi (fn. 90,1986), 443.
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