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Using Plant Growth Regulators to Limit Herbicide-Induced Stem Fragmentation of Aquatic Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Daniel Clements ,
Tony M. Dugdale  and
Kym L. Butler
Daniel Clements*
Affiliation:
Department of Primary Industries, Biosciences Research Division, 40 Ballarto Road, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia
Tony M. Dugdale
Affiliation:
Department of Primary Industries, Biosciences Research Division, 40 Ballarto Road, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia
Kym L. Butler
Affiliation:
Department of Primary Industries, Biometrics Unit, Future Farming Systems Research Division, 600 Sneydes Road, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: daniel.clements@dpi.vic.gov.au
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Abstract

Alligatorweed is subject to an eradication program in Victoria, Australia. In aquatic situations, the herbicides glyphosate and metsulfuron are used. Alligatorweed has been shown to break up soon after the application of these herbicides, resulting in the production of many stem fragments that are viable and capable of downstream colonization, compromising the effectiveness of the eradication program. This paper reports on an experiment to investigate the usefulness of commercially available plant growth regulators (PGRs) in reducing the number of viable propagules produced post-herbicide application. Three herbicide treatments (no herbicide, glyphosate, and metsulfuron) and four PGR treatments (no PGR, aviglycine [AVG], naphthalene acetic acid [NAA], and 2,4-D) were investigated in a factorial experiment. Chemicals were applied to alligatorweed growing in separate aquaria, the resulting stem fragments were collected and counted, and a subset was tested for viability. There was no evidence of PGRs having any effect on the total number of viable stem fragments produced. However, AVG reduced the total number of fragments produced. PGRs in combination with herbicide treatment had an antagonistic effect on the efficacy of the herbicides. PGRs increased belowground biomass of alligatorweed, as well as the number of apical growing tips present. Results indicate that although PGRs, particularly AVG, may be of benefit in reducing the number of alligatorweed propagules produced post-herbicide application, at the application rates tested here there would be no benefit from incorporating them into herbicide control programs for alligatorweed.

La Alternanthera philoxeroides está sujeta a un programa de erradicación en Victoria, Australia. En situaciones acuáticas, se usan los herbicidas glifosato o metsulfuron. A. philoxeroides ha mostrado desintegración un tiempo posterior a la aplicación de estos herbicidas, resultando en la producción de muchos fragmentos de tallos que son viables y capaces de colonizar rio abajo, comprometiendo la efectividad del programa de erradicación. Este artículo presenta los resultados de un experimento para investigar la utilidad de reguladores de crecimiento de plantas (PGRs) comercialmente disponibles, para reducir el número de propágulos viables producidos después de la aplicación del herbicida. En un experimento factorial, se investigaron tres tratamientos con herbicidas (sin herbicida, glifosato y metsulfuron) y cuatro tratamientos con PGRs [sin PGRs, aviglicina (AVG), ácido naftaleno acético (NAA) y 2,4-D]. Se aplicaron químicos a A. philoxeroides creciendo en acuarios separados, y los resultantes fragmentos de tallos se recolectaron, se contaron y submuestras fueron examinadas para determinar su viabilidad. No hubo evidencia de que los PGRs tuvieran algún efecto sobre el número total de fragmentos viables producidos. Sin embargo, AVG disminuyó el número total de fragmentos producidos. Los PGRs en combinación con tratamientos de herbicidas tuvieron un efecto antagónico en la eficacia de los herbicidas. Los PGRs incrementaron la biomasa subterránea de A. philoxeroides así como el número de puntas apicales de crecimiento presentes. Los resultados indican que aunque los PGRs, particularmente AVG, puedan ser de beneficio para reducir el número de propágulos de A. philoxeroides producidos después de la aplicación de herbicidas, no habría ningún beneficio al incorporarlos a los programas de control de esta maleza, con las dosis de herbicidas aquí probadas.

Keywords

Glyphosatemetsulfuronaviglycinenaphthalene acetic acid2,4-Dalligatorweed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. ALRPHAbscissionallofragmentsaquatic weed managementautofragmentseradication
Type
Weed Management—Techniques
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 26 , Issue 1 , March 2012 , pp. 89 - 94
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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