Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-9pm4c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T20:35:26.825Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Inhibition of Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum) Root Growth by a Phytotoxin from Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain D7

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Patrick J. Tranel ,
David R. Gealy  and
Ann C. Kennedy
Patrick J. Tranel
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Soil Sci., Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164
David R. Gealy
Affiliation:
USDA, Agric. Res. Serv., 215 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164
Ann C. Kennedy
Affiliation:
USDA, Agric. Res. Serv., 215 Johnson Hall, Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field applications of the rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain D7 (D7), have selectively suppressed downy brome in winter wheat test plots. A phytotoxin produced by D7 inhibits downy brome root growth. An assay system was developed for future investigations of the mechanism of action of this and other phytotoxins that inhibit root growth. A crude preparation of the phytotoxin, cell-free supernatant (CFS), had little activity on downy brome root elongation in a sand-petri plate system. CFS was very active in a hydroponic system, in which a 6% (v/v) concentration inhibited root elongation within 1.5 h. Inhibition of root elongation was reversible in this system. Root elongation of downy brome seedlings resumed within 3 h after removal from a 9-h incubation in 8% CFS. CFS from genetic variants of D7 did not substantially inhibit root growth and a semi-crystallized precipitation product from D7 CFS inhibited root growth similarly to D7 CFS, indicating that the phytotoxin present in the CFS was responsible for growth inhibition.

Keywords

Downy brome, Bromus tectorum L. # BROTEwinter wheat, Triticum aestivum L.Bioassaybiological controlbioherbicideBROTE
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 7 , Issue 1 , March 1993 , pp. 134 - 139
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Albert, L. S. and Wilson, C. M. 1961. Effect of boron on elongation of tomato root tips. Plant Physiol. 36:244–251.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2. Andersen, R. N. and Ralston, D. F. 1989. Growing weeds in nonaerated nutrient solution. Weed Technol. 3:143–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Bolton, H. Jr. and Elliott, L. F. 1989. Toxin production by a rhizobacterial Pseudomonas sp. that inhibits wheat root growth. Plant Soil 114: 269–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Cherrington, C. A. and Elliott, L. F. 1987. Incidence of inhibitory pseudomonads in the Pacific Northwest. Plant Soil 101:159–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Cohen, M. S. and Lepper, R. Jr. 1977. Effect of boron on cell elongation and division in squash roots. Plant Physiol. 59:884–887.Google Scholar
6. Elliott, L. F. and Lynch, J. M. 1984. Pseudomonads as a factor in the growth of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Soil Biol. Biochem. 16: 69–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Fredrickson, J. K. and Elliott, L. F. 1985. Effect on winter wheat seedling growth by toxin-producing rhizobacteria. Plant Soil 83: 399–409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Gealy, D. R., Gurusiddaiah, S., Kennedy, A. C., and Ogg, A. G. Jr. 1992. Effects of phytotoxins from Pseudomonas fluorescens strain D7 on seed germination and seedling growth of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 32:51.Google Scholar
9. Gronwald, J. W. 1986. Effect of haloxyfop and haloxyfop-methyl on elongation and respiration of corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) roots. Weed Sci. 34:196–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Gurusiddaiah, S., Gealy, D. R., Kennedy, A. C., and Ogg, A. G. Jr. 1992. Production, isolation, and characterization of phytotoxic and fungistatic compounds for biocontrol of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.). and plant pathogenic fungi. Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 32:84.Google Scholar
11. Hoagland, D. R. and Arnon, D. I. 1950. The water culture method for growing plants without soil. California Agric. Exp. Stn. Circ. 347. 32 p.Google Scholar
12. Kennedy, A. C., Elliott, L. F., Young, F. L., and Douglas, C. L. 1991. Rhizobacteria suppressive to the weed downy brome. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55:722–727.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Miller, K. R. and Ohad, I. 1978. Chloroplast membrane biogenesis in chlamydomonas: correlation between the formation of membrane components and membrane structure. Cell Biol. Int. Rep. 2:537–549.Google Scholar
14. Parker, C. 1966. The importance of shoot entry in the action of herbicides applied to the soil. Weeds 14:117–121.Google Scholar
15. Sands, D. C. and Rovira, A. D. 1970. Isolation of fluorescent pseudomonads with a selective medium. Appl. Microbiol. 20:513–514.Google Scholar
16. Tanimoto, E., Scott, T. K., and Masuda, Y. 1989. Inhibition of acid-enhanced elongation of Zea mays root segments by galactose. Plant Physiol. 90:440–444.Google Scholar
17. Young, C. W. and Hodas, S. 1964. Hydroxyurea: inhibitory effect on DNA metabolism. Science 146:1172–1174.Google Scholar