Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T22:11:46.969Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of depth of flooding on growth and fecundity of fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 February 2023

Venkatanaga Shiva Datta Kumar Sharma Chiruvelli Open the ORCID record for Venkatanaga Shiva Datta Kumar Sharma Chiruvelli [Opens in a new window] ,
Hardev S. Sandhu Open the ORCID record for Hardev S. Sandhu [Opens in a new window] ,
Ron Cherry  and
D. Calvin Odero Open the ORCID record for D. Calvin Odero [Opens in a new window]
Venkatanaga Shiva Datta Kumar Sharma Chiruvelli
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, University of Florida, Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade, FL, USA
Hardev S. Sandhu
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, University of Florida, Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade, FL, USA
Ron Cherry
Affiliation:
Emeritus Professor, University of Florida, Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade, FL, USA
D. Calvin Odero*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, University of Florida, Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade, FL, USA
*
Author for correspondence: D. Calvin Odero, Associate Professor, University of Florida, Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3200 E. Palm Beach Road, Belle Glade, FL 33430. Email: dcodero@ufl.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Fall panicum is the most prevalent and problematic weed in rice in Florida. Outdoor studies were conducted in 2021 to determine the effect of flooding on fall panicum growth and its ability to produce and develop panicles. Fall panicum at the two- to four-leaf and four- to six-leaf stages of development were flooded in stock tanks maintained at flooding depths of 0, 10, 15, 20, and 30 cm for 56 d. Plant height, number of tillers and leaves, leaf area, shoot biomass, root biomass, and panicle branches for both fall panicum leaf stages of development decreased with increasing flooding depth. Fall panicum flooded at the two- to four-leaf stage survived flood depth of 15 cm, whereas plants flooded at the four- to six-leaf stage survived and emerged from a flood depth of up to 20 cm. The 10-cm flood depth resulted in the tallest plants with more leaves, tillers, and leaf area for both growth stages. The probability of fall panicum survival and ability to produce panicles decreased as flood depth increased. Flood depth required for 50% survival for four- to six-leaf-stage plants was estimated to occur at 14 cm, whereas that for plants at the two- to four-leaf stage occurred at 12 cm. The flood depth required to reduce panicle branch production by 50% was estimated to be 15 and 20 cm for two- to four-leaf, and four- to six-leaf-stage plants, respectively. These results show that flooding >10 cm is required to significantly reduce fall panicum survival and ability to produce panicles. Since flood level in rice is usually maintained at an average of 10 cm, chemical weed control will be important to supplement flooding for effective control of fall panicum in rice.

Keywords

Fall panicum, Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx., PANDIrice, Oryza sativa L.Panicle productionweed control
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 37 , Issue 1 , February 2023 , pp. 76 - 83
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor: Jason Bond, Mississippi State University

References

Anonymous (2022) Florida Rice Production The History. Jupiter: Florida Rice Growers Inc. https://www.floridaricegrowers.org/. Accessed: August 24, 2022Google Scholar
Bates, D, Maechler, M, Bolker, B, Walker, S (2021) Lme4: Linear Mixed-Effects Models using ‘Eigen’ and S4. R package, version 1.1-27.1. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lme4/. Accessed: September 28, 2021Google Scholar
Bhadha, JH, Trotta, L, VanWeelden, M (2016) Trends in Rice Production and Varieties in the Everglades Agricultural Area. Gainesville: University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension. Electronic Data Information Source SL439. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss653. Accessed: March 10, 2021CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhandari, HS, Ebina, M, Saha, MC, Bouton, JH, Rudrabhatla, SV, Goldman, SL (2011) Panicum . Pages 175–196 in Kole, C, ed. Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources, Millets and Grasses. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryson, CT, DeFelice, MS, eds. (2009) Weeds of the South. Athens: University of Georgia Press. 468 pGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Johnson, DE (2009) Ecological studies on Cyperus difformis, Cyperus iria and Fimbristylis miliacea: three troublesome annual sedges of rice. Ann Appl Biol 155:103–112 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, BS, Johnson, DE (2010) The role of seed ecology in improving weed management strategies in the tropics. Adv Agron 105:221–262 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cherry, R, Bennett, A (2005) Effects of weeds on rice stink bug populations in Florida rice. J Entomol Sci 40:378–384 Google Scholar
Daroub, SH, Horn, SV, Lang, TA, Diaz, OA (2011) Best Management Practices and Long-Term Water Quality Trends in the Everglades Agricultural Area. Crit Rev Environ 41:608–632 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dias-Filho, MB, Carvalho, CJ (2000) Physiological and morphological responses of Brachiaria spp. to flooding. Pesq Agropec Bras 35:1959–1966 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fausey, JC, Renner, KA (1997) Germination, emergence and growth of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) and fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum). Weed Sci 45:423–425 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernandez, JV, Odero, DC, MacDonald, GE, Ferrell, JA, Sellers, BA, Wilson, PC (2019) Field dissipation of S-metolachlor in organic and mineral soils used for sugarcane production in Florida. Weed Technol 34:362–370 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gealy, D (1998) Differential response of palmleaf morningglory (Ipomoea wrightii) and pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) to flooding. Weed Sci 46:271–224CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Godara, RK, Williams, BJ, Webster, EP (2011) Texasweed (Caperonia palustris) can survive and reproduce in 30-cm flood. Weed Technol 25:667–673 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Govinthasamy, K, Cavers, PB (1995) The effects of smut (Ustilago destruens) on seed production, dormancy and viability in fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum). Can J Bot 73:1628–1634 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoveland, CS, Buchanan, GA (1972) Flooding tolerance of fall panicum and Texas panicum. Weed Sci 20:1–3 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ismail, AM, Johnson, DE, Ella, ES, Vergara, GV, Baltazar, AM (2012) Adaptation to flooding during emergence and seedling growth in rice and weeds, and implications for crop establishment. AOB Plants 2012:pls019 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kent, RJ, Johnson, DE (2001) Influence of flood depth and duration on growth of lowland rice weeds, Côte d’Ivoire. Crop Prot 20:691–694 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lenth, R (2021) emmeans: Estimated marginal means, aka least-squares means. R package, version 1.6.1. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/emmeans/. Accessed: September 28, 2021Google Scholar
Manzur, ME, Grimoldi, AA, Striker, GG (2020) The forage grass Paspalum dilatatum tolerates partial but not complete submergence caused by either deep water or repeated defoliation. Crop Pasture Sci 71:190–198 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odero, DC, VanWeelden, M (2018) Weed management in rice. Gainesville: University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension. Electronic Data Information Sources SS-AGR-10. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/wg001. Accessed: March 10, 2021Google Scholar
Ritz, C, Streibig, JC (2005) Bioassay analysis using R. J Stat Softw 12:1–22 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritz, C, Streibig, JC (2016) drc: Analysis of Dose-Response Curves. R package version 3.0-1. Accessed: September 15, 2021Google Scholar
Rodenburg, J, Meinke, H, Johnson, DE (2011) Challenges for weed management in African rice systems in a changing climate. J Agric Sci 149:427–435 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sahid, IB, Hossain, MH (1995) The effect of flooding and sowing depth on the survival and growth of five rice-weed species. Plant Prot Q 10:139–142 Google Scholar
Sandell, L (1998) Panicum spp. Biology Outline & Bibliography. Agronomy 517: Weed Biology and Ecology. ∼http://agron-www.agron.iastate.edu/∼weProc/weedbiollibrary/panicumbiblio.html. Accessed: March 10, 2021Google Scholar
Sauter, M (2013) Root responses to flooding. Curr Opin Plant Biol 16:282–286 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, B, Norsworthy, J, Barber, T, Hardke, J (2021) Rice weed control. Pages 51–61 in Hardke, J, ed. Rice Production Handbook. Little Rock: University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service Google Scholar
Singh, VP, Singh, SP, Dhyani, VC, Banga, A, Kumar, A, Satyawali, K, Bisht, N (2016) Weed management in direct seeded rice. Indian J Weed Sci 48:233–246 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spiess, A-N (2018) qpcR: Modelling and Analysis of Real-Time PCR data. R package, version 1.4-1. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/qpcR/index.html. Accessed: September 28, 2021Google Scholar
Van Wychen, L (2021) 2021 Survey of the Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Aquatic and Non-Crop Areas in the United States and Canada. Westminster, CO: Weed Science Society of America National Weed Survey Dataset. https://wssa.net/wp-content/uploads/2021-survey-aquatic-noncrop.xlsx. Accessed: August 17, 2022Google Scholar
Vasellati, V, Oesterheld, M, Medan, D, Loreti, J (2001) Effects of flooding and drought on the anatomy of Paspalum dilatatum . Ann Bot 88:355–360 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, JF, Roberts, SR, Hill, JE, Cardiac, SC, Tibbits, G (1990) Managing water for weed control in rice. Calif Agric 44:7–10 CrossRefGoogle Scholar