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Varying responses of field-selected herbicide-resistant rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) populations to combinations of phorate with PPI herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 April 2020

David J. Brunton Open the ORCID record for David J. Brunton [Opens in a new window] ,
Peter Boutsalis ,
Gurjeet Gill  and
Christopher Preston
David J. Brunton*
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Student, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
Peter Boutsalis
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Fellow, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
Gurjeet Gill
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
Christopher Preston
Affiliation:
Professor, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: David J. Brunton, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA5064, Australia. (Email: david.brunton@adelaide.edu.au)
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Abstract

Organophosphate insecticides, which have the capacity to inhibit specific herbicide-degrading (cytochrome P450) enzymes, have been used to explore metabolic herbicide-resistance mechanisms in weeds. This study investigates the response of seven field-selected rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) populations to herbicides from three different sites of action in the presence or absence of the P450 inhibitor phorate. Phorate antagonized the thiocarbamate herbicides triallate and prosulfocarb (8-fold increase in LD50) in multiple resistant L. rigidum populations with resistance to three different site-of-action herbicides. In contrast, phorate synergized trifluralin and propyzamide in some populations, reducing the LD50 by 50%. Conversely, treatment with phorate had no significant effect on the LD50 for S-metolachlor or pyroxasulfone (inhibitors of very-long-chain fatty-acid synthesis). Phorate has diverse effects that are herbicide and population dependant in field-selected L. rigidum, suggesting P450 involvement in the metabolism of trifluralin and failure to activate thiocarbamate herbicides in these populations. This research highlights the need for implementation of diverse approaches other than herbicide alone as part of a long-term integrated strategy to reduce the likelihood of metabolism-based resistance to PPI herbicides in L. rigidum.

Keywords

Chloroacetamidescross-resistanceherbicide metabolismherbicide resistancesulfonylisoxazolinethiocarbamates
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 68 , Issue 4 , July 2020 , pp. 367 - 372
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2020

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Dean Riechers, University of Illinois

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