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A new race of sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana) with a wider host range due to changes in seed response to strigolactones

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 December 2019

Evgenia Dor Open the ORCID record for Evgenia Dor [Opens in a new window] ,
Dina Plakhine ,
Daniel M. Joel ,
Hailey Larose ,
James H. Westwood ,
Evgeny Smirnov ,
Hammam Ziadna  and
Joseph Hershenhorn
Evgenia Dor*
Affiliation:
Research Scientist, Department of Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
Dina Plakhine
Affiliation:
Research Associate, Department of Weed Research, ARO, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
Daniel M. Joel
Affiliation:
Research Scientist, Department of Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
Hailey Larose
Affiliation:
PhD Student, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
James H. Westwood
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Evgeny Smirnov
Affiliation:
Research Associate, Department of Weed Research, ARO, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
Hammam Ziadna
Affiliation:
Research Associate, Department of Weed Research, ARO, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
Joseph Hershenhorn
Affiliation:
Research Scientist, Department of Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
*
Author for correspondence: Evgenia Dor, Department of Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Newe Ya’ar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay30095, Israel. (Email: evgeniad@volcani.agri.gov.il)
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Abstract

Broomrapes (Orobanche and Phelipanche species, Orobanchaceae) are obligate root parasites of dicotyledonous plants. This taxonomic group includes seven weedy parasites of agricultural crops that damage vegetables, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and legumes. Processing-tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fields in Israel have been recently found infested with a new broomrape, first identified as nodding broomrape (Orobanche cernua Loefl.) based on its host. However, its morphology resembled the closely related sunflower broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.), an obligate parasite of sunflower. The new race (CUCE) parasitized sunflower, tomato, and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in vitro, in a polyethylene bag system and in pots. Its seeds germinated in response to strigolactones (orobanchol, 5-deoxystrigol, 2′-epiorobanchol, and GR24) and dehydrocostus lactone (DCL), whereas O. cumana seeds responded only to DCL and GR24, and O. cernua only to strigolactones. Based on morphological similarities with O. cumana, shared molecular markers with O. cumana, ability to parasitize sunflower and respond to sunflower-germination stimulants, it was concluded that CUCE is a new race of O. cumana, with a host range expanding to Solanaceae crops. While being an important noxious weed of sunflower, this new O. cumana race is currently spreading and posing a threat to processing tomato in Israel. This finding is an alarming indication that broomrapes can shift host range and that similar new races of O. cumana could potentially appear in other countries.

Keywords

Branched broomrapeevolutiongermination stimulanthost resistance
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 68 , Issue 2 , March 2020 , pp. 134 - 142
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019

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Footnotes

Associate Editor Name & Institution: Bhagirath Chauhan, The University of Queensland

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