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A New Mutation in Plant ALS Confers Resistance to Five Classes of ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Cory M. Whaley ,
Henry P. Wilson  and
James H. Westwood
Cory M. Whaley
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, pHysiology and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
Henry P. Wilson*
Affiliation:
Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Painter, VA 23420
James H. Westwood
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, pHysiology and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: hwilson@vt.edu
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Abstract

Experiments were conducted to evaluate a biotype of smooth pigweed that had survived applications of sulfonylurea (SU) and imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides in a single season. The source field had a history of repeated acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide use over several years. Whole-plant response experiments evaluated the resistant (R11) biotype and an ALS-inhibitor susceptible (S) smooth pigweed biotype to herbicides from the SU, IMI, pyrimidinylthiobenzoate (PTB), and triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide (TP) chemical families. The R11 biotype exhibited 60- to 3,200-fold resistance to all four ALS-Inhibiting herbicide chemistries compared with the S biotype. Nucleotide sequence comparison of ALS genes from R11 and S biotypes revealed a single nucleotide difference that resulted in R11 having an amino acid substitution of aspartate to glutamate at position 376, as numbered relative to the protein sequence of mouseearcress. This is the first report of an amino acid substitution at this position of an ALS gene isolated from a field-selected weed biotype. To verify the role of this mutation in herbicide resistance, the ALS gene was cloned and expressed in Arabidopsis. Transgenic Arabidopsis expressing this ALS gene exhibited resistance to SU, IMI, PTB, TP, and sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone ALS-Inhibiting herbicide classes.

Keywords

Chlorimuroncloransulamimazethapyrpropoxycarbazonepyrithiobacthifensulfuronsmooth pigweed, Amaranthus hybridus L. AMACHmouseearcress, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. ARBTHAcetolactate synthaseALScross-resistanceherbicide resistanceimidazolinonepyrimidinylthiobenzoatesulfonylureatriazolopyrimidinesulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 55 , Issue 2 , April 2007 , pp. 83 - 90
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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