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Interference of turnipweed (Rapistrum rugosum) and Mexican pricklepoppy (Argemone mexicana) in wheat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 August 2019

Sudheesh Manalil Open the ORCID record for Sudheesh Manalil [Opens in a new window]  and
Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Sudheesh Manalil*
Affiliation:
Honorary Associate Professor, Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia; Adjunct Lecturer, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Perth, Crawley, WA, Australia; Professor, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Sudheesh Manalil, Centre for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia. Email: s.manalil@uq.edu.au
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Abstract

Turnipweed [Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.] and Mexican pricklepoppy (Argemone mexicana L.) are increasingly prevalent in the northern cropping regions of Australia. The effect of different densities of these two weeds was examined for their potential to cause yield loss in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through field studies in 2016 and 2017. There was 72% to 78% yield reduction in wheat due to competition from R. rugosum. Based on the exponential decay model, 18.2 and 24.3 plants m−2 caused a yield reduction of 50% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Rapistrum rugosum produced a maximum of 32,042 and 29,761 seeds m−2 in 2016 and 2017, respectively. There was 100% weed seed retention at crop harvest. Competition from A. mexicana resulted in a yield loss of 17% and 22% in 2016 and 2017, respectively; however, plants failed to set seeds due to intense competition from wheat. Among the yield components, panicles per square meter and grains per panicle were affected by weed competition. The studies indicate a superior competitiveness of R. rugosum in wheat and a suppressive effect of wheat on A. mexicana. The results indicate that a wheat crop can be included in crop rotation programs where crop fields are infested with A. mexicana. High seed retention in R. rugosum indicates the possibility to manage this weed through seed catching and harvest weed seed destruction.

Keywords

Prashant Jha, Iowa State UniversityBiologyseed productionseed retentionweed competition
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 67 , Issue 6 , November 2019 , pp. 666 - 672
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019 

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