Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T04:20:53.047Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interaction of Surfactants and Reaction Media on Photolysis of Chlorimuron and Metsulfuron

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

S. Kent Harrison  and
Sandra M. Thomas
S. Kent Harrison
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Ohio State Univ., 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210
Sandra M. Thomas
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Ohio State Univ., 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of nonionic surfactants and reaction media (water, glass, and corn leaf residue) on photolysis and subsequent phytotoxicity of chlorimuron and metsulfuron residues. Oxysorbic and octoxynol enhanced rates of chlorimuron and metsulfuron photolysis in aqueous solution and on glass slides compared to controls with no surfactant. Enhanced photolysis of chlorimuron by surfactants was greatest on glass, where 93 and 89% loss occurred after 48 h exposure to ultraviolet light in the presence of oxysorbic and octoxynol, respectively, compared to 38% loss with no surfactant. Similarly, surfactant-enhanced metsulfuron photolysis was greatest on glass with 37 and 67% loss after 48 h exposure in the presence of oxysorbic and octoxynol, respectively, compared to 9% loss with no surfactant. Photolysis of herbicides deposited on corn leaf residue was significantly slower than that on glass or in aqueous media at all exposure times and metsulfuron photolysis on corn residue was enhanced by surfactants only after 144 h exposure. Bioassays confirmed that phytotoxicity of photolyzed herbicide residues was negatively correlated (r=-0.94 for chlorimuron and r=-0.92 for metsulfuron) with loss of parent herbicide as measured by liquid chromatography.

Keywords

Corn, Zea mays (L.) ‘Pioneer 3352’chlorimuron, ethyl 2-[[[[(4-chloro-6-methoxy - 2 - pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]-sulfonyl]benzoatemetsulfuron, methyl 2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6 -methyl - 1,3,5 - triazin - 2 - yl)amino]-carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoateoxysorbic, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (20 POE)octoxynol, isoctyl phenyl polyethoxy ethanol (10 POE)Adjuvantsherbicide bioassayherbicide degradationphotodegradation
Type
Special Topics
Information
Weed Science , Volume 38 , Issue 6 , November 1990 , pp. 620 - 624
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Beyer, E. M. Jr., Duffy, M. J., Hay, J. V., and Schlueter, D. D. 1988, Sulfonylureas. Pages 117–189 in Kearney, P. C. and Kaufman, D. D., eds. Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation, and Mode of Action. Vol. 3. Marcel-Dekker, New York.Google Scholar
2. Crosby, D. G. 1969. Experimental approaches to pesticide photodecomposition. Residue Rev. 25:1–12.Google Scholar
3. Crosby, D. G. 1976. Herbicide photodecomposition. Pages 835–890 in Kearney, P. C. and Kaufman, D. D., eds. Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation, and Mode of Action. Vol. 2. Marcel-Dekker, New York.Google Scholar
4. Crosby, D. G., Moilanen, K. W., Nakagawa, M., and Wong, A. S. 1972. Photonucleophilic reactions of pesticides. Pages 423–433 in Matsumura, F., Boush, G. M., and Misato, T., eds. Environmental Toxicology of Pesticides. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
5. Guth, J. A. 1981. Experimental approaches to studying the fate of pesticides in soil. Pages 85–114 in Hutson, D. H. and Roberts, T. R., eds. Progress in Pesticide Biochemistry. Volume 1. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., New York.Google Scholar
6. Harrison, S. K. and Wax, L. M. 1986. The effect of adjuvants and oil carriers on photodecomposition of 2,4-D, bentazon, and haloxyfop. Weed Sci. 34:81–87.Google Scholar
7. Hautala, R. R. 1978. Surfactant effects on pesticide photochemistry in water and soil. EPA Report 600/3-78-060. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
8. Liang, T. T. and Lichenstein, E. P. 1976. Effects of soils and leaf surfaces on the photodecomposition of [14C]azinphosmethyl. J. Agric. Food Chem. 24:1205–1210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9. Lykken, L. 1972. Role of photosensitizers in alteration of pesticide residues in sunlight. Pages 449–469 in Matsumura, F., Boush, G. M., and Misato, T., eds. Environmental Toxicology of Pesticides. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
10. Miller, G. C. and Zepp, R. G. 1983. Extrapolating photolysis rates from the laboratory to the environment. Residue Rev. 85:89–110.Google Scholar
11. Miller, L. L., Nordblom, G. D., and Yost, G. A. 1974. Photochemistry of N-(α-trichloromethyl-p-methoxybenzyl)-p-methoxyaniline. J. Agric. Food Chem. 22:852–855.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Roof, A.A.M. 1982. Basic principles of environmental photochemistry. Pages 1–17 in Hutzinger, O., ed. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Vol. 2. Reactions and Processes. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
13. Rosen, J. D. 1972. The photochemistry of several pesticides. Pages 435–447 in Matsumura, F., Boush, G. M., and Misato, T., eds. Environmental Toxicology of Pesticides. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
14. Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J. H. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics–A Biometrical Approach. 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. Pages 420–422.Google Scholar
15. Tanaka, F. S., Wein, R. G., and Mansager, E. R. 1979. Effect of nonionic surfactants on the photochemistry of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea in aqueous solution. J. Agric. Food Chem. 27:774–779.Google Scholar
16. Tanaka, F. S., Wein, R. G., and Mansager, E. R. 1981. Survey for surfactant effects on the photodegradation of herbicides in aqueous media. J. Agric. Food Chem. 29:227–230.Google Scholar
17. Thomas, S. M. and Harrison, S.K. 1988. Surfactant effects on photodecomposition of chlorimuron and metsulfuron. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 43:63.Google Scholar
18. Zepp, R. G. 1982. Experimental approaches to environmental photochemistry. Pages 19–41 in Hutzinger, O., ed. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Vol. 2. Reactions and Processes. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar