Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T23:20:07.420Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Formulation effects on isoxaben and trifluralin in runoff water from container plant nurseries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jeanne A. Briggs ,
Ted Whitwell ,
R. Thomas Fernandez  and
Melissa B. Riley
Ted Whitwell
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
R. Thomas Fernandez
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48825
Melissa B. Riley
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology and Physiology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Sprayable and granular formulations of isoxaben and trifluralin were applied to container plant nursery beds to determine formulation effects on herbicide runoff and weed control. In 1998 herbicide application was followed by 0.8 cm of irrigation delivered in 60 min, and runoff water samples were collected on the day of application (DOA). The highest concentrations of isoxaben and trifluralin detected in runoff water were 0.50 and 0.15 μg ml−1, respectively. Total isoxaben in runoff water was greater from the granular than from the sprayable formulation, but no differences attributable to formulation were detected for trifluralin. In 1999 herbicide application was followed by irrigation applied in three pulse cycles of 30 min each (0.8 cm per cycle). Runoff water samples were collected daily through 2 d after herbicide application (DAA). The highest herbicide concentrations were found in the first runoff sample on the DOA. Isoxaben was detected at 1.6 μg ml−1 from both formulations, and trifluralin concentrations were 0.8 and 0.2 μg ml−1 from the sprayable and granular formulations, respectively. Isoxaben concentrations were similar between formulations on the DOA, higher from the granular formulation 1 DAA, and higher in five of the nine runoff samples 2 DAA. Trifluralin concentrations were higher from the sprayable formulation for the first pulse cycle on the DOA and higher from the granular formulation in three of the nine samples 1 DAA and in four samples 2 DAA. The total amount of isoxaben recovered was 9.1% of applied from the granular formulation and 7.3% of applied from the spray formulation. The total amounts of trifluralin found were similar among formulations (0.5% of applied). Weed control was effective for both formulations in both years.

Keywords

IsoxabentrifluralinContainer plant productioncyclic irrigationgranular herbicide formulationherbicide efficacyornamentalspreemergent herbicidesprayable herbicide formulationweed control
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 50 , Issue 4 , August 2002 , pp. 536 - 541
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Ahrens, W. H., ed. 1994. Herbicide Handbook. 7th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America. pp. 173–175; 296–299.Google Scholar
Bhandary, R., Whitwell, T., Briggs, J. A., and Fernandez, R. T. 1997. Influence of surflan (oryzalin) concentrations in irrigation water on growth and physiological processes of Gardenia jasminoides radicans and Pennisetum rupelli . J. Environ. Hortic. 15:169–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, J. A., Riley, M. B., and Whitwell, T. 1998. Quantification and remediation of pesticides in runoff water from containerized plant production. J. Environ. Qual. 27:814–820.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, J. A., Whitwell, T., and Riley, M. B. 1999a. Remediation of herbicides in runoff water from container plant nurseries utilizing grassed waterways. Weed Technol. 13:157–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, J. A., Whitwell, T., Riley, M. B., and Fernandez, R. T. 1999b. IPM practices reduce pesticide levels in runoff water at a container nursery. HortScience 34:445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, J. A., Whitwell, T., Riley, M. B., and Lee, T. 1998b. Cyclic irrigation and grass waterways combine to reduce isoxaben losses from container plant nurseries. J. Environ. Hortic. 16:235–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooper, R. J., Jenkins, J. J., and Curtis, A. S. 1990. Pendimethalin volatility following application to turfgrass. J. Environ. Qual. 19:508–513.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Nahhal, Y., Nir, S., Polubesova, T., Marguilies, L., and Rubin, B. 1998. Leaching, phytotoxicity, and weed control of new formulations of alachlor. J. Agric. Food Chem. 46:3305–3313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gasper, J. J., Street, J. R., Harrison, S. K., and Pound, W. E. 1994. Pendimethalin efficacy and dissipation in turfgrass as influenced by rainfall incorporation. Weed Sci. 42:586–592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilliam, C. H., Fare, D. C., and Beasley, A. 1992. Nontarget herbicide losses from application of granular ronstar to container nurseries. J. Environ. Hortic. 10:175–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, J. K., Jones, G. A., Hickman, M. V., Amistadi, M. K., Bogus, E. R., Mumma, R. O., Hartwig, N. L., and Hoffman, L. D. 1998. Formulation and adjuvant effects on leaching of atrazine and metolachlor. J. Environ. Qual. 27:1334–1347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hong, S. and Smith, A. E. 1997. Potential movement of dithiopyr following application to golf courses. J. Environ. Qual. 26:379–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hornsby, A. G., Wauchope, R. D., and Herner, A. E. 1995. Pesticide Properties in the Environment. New York: Springer. pp. 131, 302.Google Scholar
Johnson, M. D., Wyse, D. L., and Lueschen, W. E. 1989. The influence of herbicide formulation on weed control in four tillage systems. Weed Sci. 37:239–249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keese, R. J., Whitwell, T., Camper, N. D., Riley, M. B., and Wilson, P. C. 1994. Herbicide runoff from ornamental container nurseries. J. Environ. Qual. 23:320–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirkwood, R. C. 1987. Uptake and movement of herbicides from plant surfaces and the effects of formulation and environment upon them. Pages 1–25 In Cottrell, H. J., ed. Pesticides on Plant Surfaces. Critical Reports on Applied Chemistry. Volume 18. New York: J. Wiley.Google Scholar
Mahnken, G. E., Skroch, W. A., Leidy, R. B., and Sheets, T. J. 1999. Metolachlor and simazine in surface runoff water from a simulated container plant nursery. Weed Technol. 13:799–806.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mamouni, A., Schmitt, D., Mansour, M., and Schiavon, M. 1992. Abiotic degradation pathways of isoxaben in the environment. Pestic. Sci. 35:13–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neal, J. C. and Senesac, A. F. 1990. Preemergent weed control in container and field grown nursery crops with Gallery. J. Environ. Hortic. 8:103–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prinster, M. G. and Hurto, K. A. 1989. Dislodgeable residues of pesticides applied to lawn turfs. Agron. Abstr. 81:163.Google Scholar
Riley, M. B., Keese, R. J., Camper, N. D., Whitwell, T., and Wilson, P. C. 1994. Pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen residues in pond water and sediment from container plant nurseries. Weed Technol. 8:299–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schneegurt, M. A., Roberts, J. L., Bjelk, L. A., and Gerwick, B. C. 1994. Postemergence activity of isoxaben. Weed Technol. 8:183–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tyler, H. H., Warren, S. L., Bilderback, T. E., and Fonteno, W. C. 1997. Cyclic irrigation increases irrigation efficiency and ammonium efficacy. J. Environ. Hortic. 15:194–198.Google Scholar
Vasilakoglou, I. B. and Eleftherohorinos, I. G. 1997. Activity, adsorption, mobility, efficacy, and persistence of alachlor as influenced by formulation. Weed Sci. 45:579–585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wauchope, R. D. 1978. The pesticide content of water draining from agricultural fields—a review. J. Environ. Qual. 7:459–472.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wauchope, R. D., Williams, R. G., and Marti, L. R. 1990. Runoff of sulfometuron-methyl and cyanazine from small plots: effects of formulation and ground cover. J. Environ. Qual. 19:119–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willis, G. H. 1982. Review: pesticides in agricultural runoff and their effects on downstream water quality. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1:267–279.Google Scholar
Wilson, P. C., Whitwell, T., and Riley, M. B. 1995. Effects of ground cover and formulation on herbicides in runoff water from miniature nursery sites. Weed Sci. 43:671–677.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, P. C., Whitwell, T., and Riley, M. B. 1996. Detection and dissipation of isoxaben and trifluralin in containerized plant nursery runoff water. Weed Sci. 44:683–688.CrossRefGoogle Scholar