Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T05:26:17.293Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Planting Depth on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Seedling Development and Response to Cyanazine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Thomas C. Mester  and
Douglas D. Buhler
Thomas C. Mester
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
Douglas D. Buhler
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Experiments were conducted in a growth chamber to determine the effects of planting depth on the developmental sequence of velvetleaf seedlings and the effect of cyanazine placement relative to velvetleaf planting depth on cyanazine toxicity. Velvetleaf seedling emergence was delayed when seeds were planted 6 cm deep compared to the 2- and 4-cm planting depths. Lateral roots did not appear until after the cotyledons had emerged and expanded. This was followed by secondary root emergence from the primary root which occurred before adventitious roots appeared from the hypocotyl for the 2- and 4-cm planting depths. The first true leaf did not unfold until after the secondary root system was well developed. The quantity of adventitious roots on the hypocotyl increased with increasing planting depth. Velvetleaf adventitious roots appeared to be involved in cyanazine toxicity when cyanazine was placed above the seed. Increasing planting depth increased the proportion of seedling absorptive tissue above compared to below the seed. This resulted in increased cyanazine exposure for the deeper planted velvetleaf seeds when herbicide was placed above the seed.

Keywords

Cyanazine, 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropanenitrilevelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. ♯3 ABUTHHerbicide placementroot developmentseedling morphologyABUTH
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 38 , Issue 1 , January 1990 , pp. 34 - 38
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Appleby, A. P. and Furtick, W. R. 1965. A technique for controlled exposure of emerging grass seedlings to soil-active herbicides. Weeds 13:172–173.Google Scholar
2. Balyan, R. S. and Bhan, V. M. 1986. Germination of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum) in relation to temperature, storage conditions, and seeding depth. Weed Sci. 34:513–515.Google Scholar
3. Cole, A. W. 1976. Tall morningglory response to planting depth. Weed Sci. 24:489–492.Google Scholar
4. Cole, A. W. and Coats, G. E. 1973. Tall morningglory germination response to herbicides and temperature. Weed Sci. 21:443–446.Google Scholar
5. Dawson, J. H. 1963. Development of barnyardgrass seedlings and their response to EPTC Weeds 11:60–67.Google Scholar
6. Dekker, J. and Meggitt, W. F. 1986. Field emergence of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) in relation to time and burial depth. Iowa State J. Res. 61:65–80.Google Scholar
7. de la Cruz, R. 1974. Weed seedling emergence depths under field conditions. Ph.D. Dissertation. Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA. 115 pp.Google Scholar
8. Eastin, E. F. 1983. Redweed (Melochia corchorifolia) germination as influenced by scarification, temperature, and seeding depth. Weed Sci. 31:229–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Herr, D. E. and Stroube, E. W. 1970. Velvetleaf control as influenced by herbicide placement and seed depth. Weed Sci. 18:459–461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Nishimoto, R. K. and Warren, G. F. 1971. Shoot zone uptake and translocation of soil-applied herbicides. Weed Sci. 19:156–161.Google Scholar
11. Walker, A. 1973. Vertical distribution of herbicides in soil and their availability to plants: Treatment of different proportions of the total root system. Weed Res. 13:416–421.Google Scholar
12. Wax, L. M. 1977. Incorporation depth and rainfall on weed control in soybeans with metribuzin. Agron. J. 69:107–110.Google Scholar