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Depressive Symptoms are Associated with low Serotonin Levels in Plasma but are not 5–HTTLPR Genotype Dependent in Older Adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2021

Pedro Enrique Trujillo-Hernández Open the ORCID record for Pedro Enrique Trujillo-Hernández [Opens in a new window] ,
Aide Sáenz-Galindo Open the ORCID record for Aide Sáenz-Galindo [Opens in a new window] ,
Odila Saucedo-Cárdenas Open the ORCID record for Odila Saucedo-Cárdenas [Opens in a new window] ,
María de los Ángeles Villarreal-Reyna Open the ORCID record for María de los Ángeles Villarreal-Reyna [Opens in a new window] ,
Mauricio Andrés Salinas-Santander Open the ORCID record for Mauricio Andrés Salinas-Santander [Opens in a new window] ,
Ana Laura Carrillo-Cervantes Open the ORCID record for Ana Laura Carrillo-Cervantes [Opens in a new window] ,
Reyna Torres-Obregón Open the ORCID record for Reyna Torres-Obregón [Opens in a new window]  and
Sandra Cecilia Esparza-González Open the ORCID record for Sandra Cecilia Esparza-González [Opens in a new window]
Pedro Enrique Trujillo-Hernández
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (Mexico)
Aide Sáenz-Galindo
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (Mexico)
Odila Saucedo-Cárdenas
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (Mexico)
María de los Ángeles Villarreal-Reyna
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (Mexico)
Mauricio Andrés Salinas-Santander
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (Mexico)
Ana Laura Carrillo-Cervantes
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (Mexico)
Reyna Torres-Obregón
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (Mexico)
Sandra Cecilia Esparza-González*
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (Mexico)
*
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Cecilia Esparza González. Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila. 25280 Saltillo (Mexico). E-mail: sceciliaesparza@gmail.com
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Abstract

Depressive symptoms are diagnosed by physicians using scales but their pathophysiology is unclear. Low serotonin (5–HT) levels play an important role in depression, and the 5–HT transporter (5–HTT) is an important regulator of plasma serotonin levels and reuptake. Additionally, the 5–HTT gene-linked polymorphic region (5–HTTLPR) is associated with depression. The aim was to clarify the roles of plasma serotonin levels in plasma and the 5HTTPLR polymorphism in depressive symptoms in older adults. A total of 84 older adult participants were evaluated. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale of 20 items (CESD–20). The plasma serotonin levels were determined by ELISA, and the 5–HTTLPR genotype was analyzed by PCR. Depressive symptoms were present in 39.3% (N = 33) of the participants. The median plasma serotonin level was 204.34 ng/mL (SD = 93.88). A significant correlation was found between the CESD–20 scale and plasma serotonin levels (r = –.256; p = .019). Low serotonin levels were associated with the presence of depressive symptoms (p = .001). The 5–HTTLPR analysis showed that of the 84 older adults, 35.7% had the SS genotype, 10.7% had the LL genotype, and 53.6% were heterozygous. The 5–HTTLPR polymorphism was not associated with depressive symptoms (p = .587) and plasma serotonin levels (p = 0.391). Depressive symptoms correlate with low serotonin levels in plasma, but not with the 5–HTTLPR polymorphism in older Mexican adults.

Keywords

depressive symptoms5–HTTLPR polymorphismplasma serotonin
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 24 , 2021 , e28
Copyright
© Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2021

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Footnotes

Conflicts of Interest: None

Funding Statement: This study was supported by IMSS funding project number FIS/IMSS/PROT/G13/1242 awarded to O. S-C.

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