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Phytic acid-phosphorus and other nutritionally important mineral nutrient elements in grains of wild-type and low phytic acid (lpa1–1) rice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 February 2007

John N.A. Lott ,
Jessica C. Liu ,
Irene Ockenden ,
Michael Truax  and
John N.A. Lott
John N.A. Lott*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
Jessica C. Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
Irene Ockenden
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
Michael Truax
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
John N.A. Lott*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
*
*Corresponding author: Fax: +1 905 525–6066, Email: lott@mcmaster.ca
*Corresponding author: Fax: +1 905 525–6066, Email: lott@mcmaster.ca
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Abstract

Mineral nutrient stores in cereal grains are mainly phytate, a salt of the phosphorus-rich compound phytic acid. Quantitative measures of total phosphorus, phytic acid-phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, manganese and zinc were obtained for whole grains, embryos and rest-of-grain portions of cv. Kaybonnet rice (wild type) (Oryza sativa L.) and a low phytic acid (lpa1–1) mutant strain with a 45% reduction in phytic acid. P, K and Mg were present in higher amounts than Ca, Mn, Fe and Zn in both grain types. Whole-grain amounts of total P, Ca, Mn and phytic acid-phosphorus were lower in whole lpa1–1 grains than in wild-type grains; K, Mg and Fe amounts were similar, and Zn was higher. Embryos, which comprise 3.5% or less of grain dry weight, were comparatively rich in all measured elements. The lpa1–1 mutation influenced the phytic acid content of the embryo more than that of the aleurone layer. Aleurone-layer cells of wild-type grains had many phosphorus-rich globoids 2μm or larger in diameter, whereas lpa1–1 grains contained more of the smaller globoids. The reduction in globoid size was consistent with the reduction in phytate. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis of both aleurone-layer cells and sections of globoids in aleurone-layer cells revealed that P, K and Mg were the main mineral nutrient elements present in both grain types; traces of Ca, Mn, Fe or Zn were present. Starchy endosperm cells contained virtually no P, K or Mg, whereas scutellum cells were rich in these elements.

Keywords

globoidslow phytic acid grainsOryza sativaphosphorusphytic acidrice grains
Type
Research Article
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , May 2004 , pp. 109 - 116
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2004

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