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Quantifying Charcoal Degradation and Negative Priming of Soil Organic Matter with a 14C-Dead Tracer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2016

Emma L Tilston ,
Philippa L Ascough ,
Mark H Garnett  and
Michael I Bird
Emma L Tilston
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, Rankine Avenue, Scottish Enterprise Technology Park, East Kilbride G75 0QF, Scotland, UK
Philippa L Ascough*
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, Rankine Avenue, Scottish Enterprise Technology Park, East Kilbride G75 0QF, Scotland, UK
Mark H Garnett
Affiliation:
NERC Radiocarbon Facility, Rankine Avenue, Scottish Enterprise Technology Park, East Kilbride G75 0QF, Scotland, UK
Michael I Bird
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia
*
*Corresponding author. Email: philippa.ascough@gla.ac.uk.
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Abstract

Converting biomass to charcoal produces physical and chemical changes greatly increasing environmental recalcitrance, leading to great interest in the potential of this carbon form as a long-term sequestration strategy for climate change mitigation. Uncertainty remains, however, over the timescale of charcoal’s environmental stability, with estimates varying from decadal to millennial scales. Uncertainty also remains over charcoal’s effect on other aspects of carbon biogeochemical cycling and allied nutrient cycles such as nitrogen. Radiocarbon is a powerful tool to investigate charcoal mineralization due to its sensitivity; here we report the results of a study using 14C-dead charcoal (pMC=0.137±0.002) in organic-rich soil (pMC=99.76±0.46), assessing charcoal degradation over 55 days of incubation. Using this method, we discriminated between decomposition of indigenous soil organic matter (SOM) and charcoal by microorganisms. SOM was the major source of carbon respired from the soil, but there was also a contribution from charcoal carbon mineralization. This contribution was 2.1 and 1.1% on days 27 and 55, respectively. We also observed a negative priming effect due to charcoal additions to soil, where SOM mineralization was repressed by up to 14.1%, presumably arising from physico-chemical interactions between soil and charcoal.

Keywords

biocharblack carboncharcoalmolecular sievesoil respiration
Type
Research Article
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 58 , Issue 4 , December 2016 , pp. 905 - 919
Copyright
© 2016 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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