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Carbon Isotopes in Tree Rings: Climate and the Suess Effect Interferences in the Last 400 Years

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Anna Pazdur ,
Toshio Nakamura ,
Sławomira Pawełczyk ,
Jacek Pawlyta ,
Natalia Piotrowska ,
Andrzej Rakowski ,
Barbara Sensuła  and
Małgorzata Szczepanek
Anna Pazdur*
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Toshio Nakamura
Affiliation:
Nagoya University, Center for Chronological Research, Nagoya, Japan
Sławomira Pawełczyk
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Jacek Pawlyta
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Natalia Piotrowska
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Rakowski
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland Nagoya University, Center for Chronological Research, Nagoya, Japan
Barbara Sensuła
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Małgorzata Szczepanek
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
*
Corresponding author. Email: anna.pazdur@polsl.pl
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Abstract

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New records of δ13C and Δ14C values in annual rings of pine and oak from different sites around the world were obtained with a time resolution of 1 yr. The results obtained for Europe (Poland), east Asia (Japan), and South America (Peru) are presented in this paper. The δ13C and radiocarbon concentration of α-cellulose from annual tree rings of pine and of the latewood of oak were measured by both accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and liquid scintillation spectrometry (LSC). The values of 14S, which represent decreasing 14C concentrations caused by the emission of CO2 from fossil fuel use (Suess effect; Suess 1955), were calculated for each site. Low average 14S (about −0.4 to 0.8%) values for clean areas and high values (about 3.4–3.6%) for industrial and/or urbanized areas were noted. Records of the δ13C values obtained for pine and oak from Poland were used to reconstruct climate changes during the last 400 yr. The results clearly indicate the climate cooling during the periods of the Maunder minimum (1645–1715) and the Dalton minimum (1790–1820). The anti-correlation between the δ13C and Δ14C records during those 2 periods is clear if the 14C record is shifted toward older ages by 24 yr.

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 49 , Issue 2 , 2007 , pp. 775 - 788
Copyright
Copyright © 2007 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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