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Chronology of Laurentide glaciation in New Jersey and the New York City area, United States

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 October 2020

Scott D. Stanford ,
Byron D. Stone ,
John C. Ridge ,
Ron W. Witte ,
Richard R. Pardi  and
Gerda E. Reimer
Scott D. Stanford*
Affiliation:
New Jersey Geological and Water Survey, Trenton, New Jersey 08625, USA
Byron D. Stone
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, East Hartford, Connecticut 06108, USA
John C. Ridge
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
Ron W. Witte
Affiliation:
New Jersey Geological and Water Survey, Trenton, New Jersey 08625, USA
Richard R. Pardi
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Science, William Paterson University, Wayne, New Jersey 07470, USA
Gerda E. Reimer
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, Lawrenceville, New Jersey 08648, USA
*
*Corresponding author at: New Jersey Geological and Water Survey, P. O. Box 420, Trenton, New Jersey 08625, USA. E-mail address: Scott.Stanford@dep.nj.gov (S. D. Stanford).
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Abstract

Deposits of at least three glaciations are present in New Jersey and the New York City area. The oldest deposits are magnetically reversed. Pollen and stratigraphic relations suggest that they are from the earliest Laurentide advance at ~2.4 Ma. Deposits of a second advance are overlain by peat dated to 41 ka and so are pre-Marine Isotope Stage (pre-MIS) 2. Their relation to marine deposits indicates that they predate MIS 5 but postdate MIS 11 and may postdate MIS 7 or 9, suggesting an MIS 6 age. The most recent deposits are of MIS 2 (last glacial maximum [LGM]) age. Radiocarbon dates and varve counts tied to glacial-lake events indicate that LGM ice arrived at its terminus at 25 ka, stood at the terminus until ~24 ka, retreated at a rate of 80 m/yr until 23.5 ka, and then retreated at a rate of 12 m/yr to 18 ka. At 18 ka the retreat record connects to the base of the North American Varve Chronology at Newburgh, New York. The 25–24 ka age for the LGM is slightly younger than, but within the uncertainty of, cosmogenic ages; it is significantly older than the oldest dated macrofossils in postglacial deposits in the region.

Keywords

glaciationNew JerseyNew York CityPleistocenevarvespaleomagnetismradiocarbon
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 99 , January 2021 , pp. 142 - 167
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Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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Footnotes

1

Present address: 26 Bucks Road, Susquehanna, Pennsylvania 18847, USA

2

Present address: 6203 Westover Way, Somerset, New Jersey 08873, USA

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