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Psychophysiology Psychophysiology

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Independence of valence modulation and prepulse inhibition of startle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2000

LARRY W. HAWK  and
EDWIN W. COOK
LARRY W. HAWK
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA Present address: Department of Psychology, Park Hall, SUNY-Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-4110, USA. E-mail: lhawk@acsu.buffalo.edu.
EDWIN W. COOK
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
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Abstract

This study sought to determine whether prepulse inhibition and valence modulation of startle are independent, both within and across individuals. Acoustic probes (105 dB) were delivered as 68 undergraduates viewed pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant pictures. Weak acoustic stimuli (8 dB above background) preceded half of the probes by 120 ms. As expected, startles were larger during unpleasant than during pleasant pictures, and smaller on prepulse than no-prepulse trials. In general, valence modulation and prepulse inhibition of startle were unrelated. That is, prepulse inhibition was consistent across affective states, valence modulation did not differ between no-prepulse and prepulse trials, and valence modulation and prepulse inhibition effects were uncorrelated across individuals. Analysis of raw and percent modification scores generally led to similar conclusions. It is concluded that valence modulation and prepulse inhibition are independent startle modulatory phenomena, although this conclusion is tempered by a finding of poor internal consistency reliability for valence modulation.

Keywords

Emotion Attention Startle reflex Prepulse inhibition Eyeblink
Type
Research Article
Information
Psychophysiology , Volume 37 , Issue 1 , January 2000 , pp. 5 - 12
Copyright
© 2000 Society for Psychophysiological Research

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