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Mr Mill's Theory of Geometrical Reasoning Mathematically Tested

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2014

W. R. Smith
Affiliation:
Assistant to the Professor of Natural Philosophy.
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Extract

An amusing and instructive example of the way in which logicians are accustomed to dogmatise upon the theory of sciences that they do not understand, is afforded by Mr Mill's explanation of the nature of geometrical reasoning.

Those who remember that Mr Mill assures Dr Whewell that he has conscientiously studied geometry (Logic, 7th ed. I. 270), will probably find some difficulty in believing that the demonstration of Euc. I5, which Mr Mill offers as an illustration of the justice of his theory of geometrical reasoning, depends on the axiom, that triangles, having two sides equal each to each, are equal in all respects. Such, nevertheless, is the case; and when one sees this absurdity pass unmodified from edition to edition of Mr Mill's Logic, and when even Mansel, Mr Mill's watchful enemy, tells us that “against the form of the geometrical syllogism, as exhibited by Mr Mill, the logician will have no objections to allege” (Mansel's Aldrich, 3d ed., p. 255), one cannot but think that logic would make more progress if logicians would give a little more attention to the processes they profess to explain.

Type
Proceedings 1868-69
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1869

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References

page 479 note * This is no mere slip on Mr Mill's part. To show that the angles at the base are the differences of the angles in question, without appealing to the figure, we must have a new axiom [proved, of course, by induction !] viz., that if a side of a triangle be produced to any point, the line joining that point with the opposite angle falls wholly without the triangle.