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Address on the Progress of the Geological Survey of Scotland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2014

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Extract

Before proceeding to the special subject of this address, I have thought that it might be of interest to the Society to lay before them a brief outline of the history of geological map-making in Scotland, previous to the time when the task was undertaken by the Geological Survey. I do not, indeed, presume to enter upon any general retrospect of the literature of Scottish geology, but will content myself with selecting for remark a few of the more eminent contributors, on whose labours the present general geological maps of the country are based. These maps are compiled from the results obtained by many different geologists, working independently during the last fifty or sixty years. Some of the men whose researches have in this way been made ase of, never themselves produced any map, but their descriptions of the districts traversed by them served afterwards as a basis for the maps of others.

Type
Proceedings 1868-69
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1869

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References

page 487 note * As a rule, the results of the Geological Survey are not published until they appear in the proper official form. When, however, the Council of the Royal Society requested me to give an account of the progress of the Survey, I felt that the ordinary rule might here with much advantage be set aside; and on referring the matter to the Director-General, Sir Roderick Murchison, he took the same view, and cordially gave his assent.

page 489 note * Dr Boué still retains his youthful enthusiasm. He is resident at Vienna, from which place I have recently had some interesting letters from him, full of gossip about Edinburgh in the early part of this century, and of references to his own wanderings in Scotland.

page 490 note * In speaking of future corrections and improvements of his map, Dr MacCulloch remarks, that they will not require the energies of “a refined geologist.” ‘The rocks are few, and it is easy to learn to recognise them; there is nothing which any man may not attain, on this narrow subject, with a few weeks of experience. It will confer no particular fame on any future self-constituted geologist, to have done what could have been effected by a surveyor's drudge, or a Scottish quarryman.” [!]—Memoirs to his Majesty's Treasury respecting a Geological Survey of Scotland, 1836, p. 17.

page 493 note * Address given at the request of the Council on 6th February 1865. See Proceedings, vol. v. p. 355.

page 495 note * In the course of his remarks, the speaker pointed to a large map of the southern half of Scotland, on the scale of one inch to a mile, on which all the area yet surveyed by the Geological Survey was coloured. There were likewise suspended on the wall specimens of the maps of the coal-fields of Fife and Ayrshire, on the scale of six inches to a mile; specimens of the horizontal and vertical sections, and of the duplicate manuscript maps preserved in the office of the Survey.

page 496 note * In Vol. V. of the Proceedings of this Society, p. 360, I have given a section of the Pentland Hills, which remains true, though I have since learnt more of the relations of the rocks there shown to the structure of this country at large. The series in the section marked cis stated to be “a middle division of the Old Red Sandstone,” which is locally true, though more extended researches show that the great discordance between c and b, disappears in the course of a few miles. c is in reality only an upper unconformable portion of b. Again, the relation of the strata marked e to those below is correctly shown in the section, but I am now convinced that the red sandstones of the Cairn Hills (e) are only a prolongation of that great band of red sandstones which forms the base of the Carboniferous series throughout the west of Scotland.

page 497 note * See Geol. Mag. for June 1866.

page 498 note * See Proceed. vol. vi.; and Address as President of the Geological Section of British Association, 1867.