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Effects of 8 weeks oligofructose supplementation on appetite and body weight in overweight and obese adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 January 2012

N. M. Daud
Affiliation:
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
N. Ismail
Affiliation:
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
E. L. Thomas
Affiliation:
Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
S. Scholtz
Affiliation:
Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
G. Durighel
Affiliation:
Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
J. A. Fitzpatrick
Affiliation:
Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
A. P. Goldstone
Affiliation:
Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
J. D. Bell
Affiliation:
Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
P. R. Bech
Affiliation:
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
E. Chambers
Affiliation:
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
N. Chhina
Affiliation:
Metabolic and Molecular Imaging Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
M. A. Ghatei
Affiliation:
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
C. Pedersen
Affiliation:
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
G. S. Frost
Affiliation:
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK
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Abstract

Type
Abstract
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2012

Supplementing the diet with fermentable carbohydrate (FC) has been suggested to reduce appetite and body weight. Recent findings have demonstrated that inulin-type fructans reduce food intake, body weight and fat mass in rodents(Reference Cani, Dewever and Delzenne1, Reference Cani, Neyrinck and Maton2). However, the effects in humans are inconclusive. This study investigated the effects of FC [oligofructose (OFS)] on appetite profiles, satiety hormone concentration, colonic fermentation, energy intake and body weight following 8 weeks supplementation in overweight and obese adults.

22 healthy subjects, male (n 6), female (n 16), mean age 30 (SD 8) years with mean BMI 31.1 (SD 3.4) kg/m2 completed a randomised, double-blind, parallel study comprised of a 2 week run-in period followed by 30 g fibre/day supplementation of either OFS (n 12) or placebo (cellulose+maltodextrin) (n 10) for 6 weeks. On day 0 (baseline) and day 56 (post-supplementation) subjects were served a standardised breakfast and lunch. Throughout a 420 min postprandial period blood samples were taken to determine peptide YY (PYY) concentrations and visual analogue scales were used to assess subjective appetite feelings. Breath hydrogen was also recorded as a marker of colonic fermentation. Following 420 min participants were served an ad libitum meal to measure energy intake.

Dietary supplementation with OFS significantly decreased hunger (P=0.016), motivation to eat (P=0.027) and significantly increased breath hydrogen (P=0.017) on day 56 compared with cellulose treatment. However, subjective fullness (P=0.187), energy intake (P=0.344) and PYY (P=0.145) were not affected by OFS treatment. Supplementing the diet with OFS had no effect on body weight compared with cellulose (P=0.461)

Values are mean (SE). *significantly different from cellulose treatment (unpaired t-test) P<0.05.

Previous studies that have reported a positive effect of OFS on energy intake and body weight have used a digestible carbohydrate (maltodextrin) as a control(Reference Verhoef, Meyer and Westerterp3, Reference Parnell and Reimer4, Reference Cani, Joly and Horsmans5). To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the effects of OFS on appetite regulation with a non-digestible carbohydrate. In conclusion, supplementing 30 g/day OFS into the diet reduces subjective appetite and increases breath hydrogen. However, there was no significant effect on PYY release, energy intake and body weight compared to cellulose.

References

1.Cani, PD, Dewever, C & Delzenne, NM (2004) Br J. Nutr 92, 521526.Google Scholar
2.Cani, PD, Neyrinck, AM, Maton, N et al. (2005) Obes Res 13, 10001007.Google Scholar
3.Verhoef, SP, Meyer, D & Westerterp, KR (2011) Br J. Nutr 17, 16.Google Scholar
4.Parnell, JA & Reimer, RA (2009) Am J. Clin Nutr 89, 17511759.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Cani, PD, Joly, E, Horsmans, Y et al. (2006) Eur J. Clin Nutr 60, 567572.Google Scholar