I summarise the ELT requirements derived from the science cases in the area of galaxy formation/evolution and cosmology. This summary is based on the talks, posters and discussion in parallel Session A of this meeting, but also makes use of various publically-available ELT science case documents. Topics covered include studies of black holes, dark matter, properties of galaxies at a range of redshifts (including the first galaxies to form), fundamental constants and cosmology.